Concept explainers
Interpretation:
Born-Haber cycle for formation of
Concept introduction:
The pictorial representation of formation of ionic solids from its constituent elements is known as Born-Haber cycle. Following are the steps required to draw Born-Haber cycle of any ionic compound:
Step 1: Solid metal is converted into gaseous isolated atoms. It takes place by process called sublimation.
Step 2: Gaseous molecules are broken down into separate atoms. Energy is supplied to break molecules apart and this is called
Step 3: Isolated metal atoms are converted into respective cations with the help of ionization energy.
Step 4: Anions are formed from gaseous atoms with the help of
Step 5: Ionic compound is formed by the combination of cation and anion. Energy is released in this process.
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LCPO CHEMISTRY W/MODIFIED MASTERING
- Compare the electron affinity of fluorine to the ionization energy of sodium. Does the process of an electron being pulled from the sodium atom to the fluorine atom have a negative or a positive E? Why is NaF a stable compound? Does the overall formation of NaF have a negative or a positive E? How can this be?arrow_forwardThe lattice energy of potassium iodide is the energy required for the following reaction. KI(s) → K+(g) + I−(g) ΔHrxn = ΔHlattice Use the Born-Haber cycle to calculate ΔHlattice for KI(s) from the information given below. Equation 1: 2 K(s) + I2(g) → 2 KI(s) ΔH1 = −655 kJ/mol Equation 2: K(s) → K(g) ΔH2 = 89 kJ/mol Equation 3: I2(g) → 2 I(g) ΔH3 = 214 kJ/mol Equation 4: K(g) → K+(g) + e− ΔH4 = 419 kJ/mol Equation 5: I(g) + e− → I−(g) ΔH5 = −294 kJ/molarrow_forward1) Calculate the lattice energy for NaCl(s) using a Born-Haber cycle and the following information: NaCl(s) → Nat(g) + Cl-(g) Na(s) + 1/2 C12(g) → NaCl(s) Na(s) → Na(g) Na(g) → Na+(g) + e- 1/2 C12(g) → Cl(g) Cl(g) + e- → Cl-(g) ? -411.0 kJ/mol +107.3 kJ/mol +495.8 kJ/mol +121.7 kJ/mol -348.6 kJ/molarrow_forward
- Given: Enthalpy of atomisation of calcium =+ 178 kJ First ionisation energy of calcium =+590 kJ Second ionisation energy of calcium = +1145 kJ Enthalpy of atomisation of chlorine =+ 121 kJ Electron affinity of chlorine Lattice energy of calcium chloride =- 2258 kJ = - 346 kJ Construct a Born-Haber cycle for calcium chloride, CaCl2 by using the data given above. Hence, calculate the enthalpy of formation of calcium chloride. b. The enthalpy of solution for calcium chloride crystal is -81.3 kJ mol'. Based on the data from the above Born-Haber cycle, calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction below: Ca" (g) + 2CI (g)–→ Ca* (aq) + 2CI¯ (aq)arrow_forwardDraw the Born-Haber cycle and use the data below for the formation of calcium chloride, to calculate the electron affinity of chlorine: Ca(s) Ca(g) DHat = +190 kJ/mol Ca(g) Ca2+(g) + 2e- DHIE = +1730 kJ/mol Cl2(g) 2Cl(g) DHat = +121 kJ/mol Ca2+(g) + 2Cl-(g) CaCl2(s) DHLE = -2184 kJ/mol Ca(s) + Cl2(g) CaCl2(s) DHF = -795 kJ/molarrow_forwardg 6.941 mol atomic mass electronegativity 0.98 kJ 59.6 mol electron affinity kJ 520.2 mol ionization energy kJ 3.0 mol heat of fusion Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? O release O absorb (1) Li (g) + e Li(g) O Can't be decided with the data given. Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1) using only the data above? O yes no If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1): I kJ/mol Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? O release O absorb (2) Li(g) → Li (g) + e O Can't be decided with the data given. Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2) using only the data above? O yes O no If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2): I kJ/molarrow_forward
- Given the following enthalpy values for Na and Cl, calculate the lattice energy of NaCl using the Born- Haber cycle. for Na = 107.5 kJ/mole for Na = 495.8 kJ/mole for Cl, = 242.6 kJ/mole AHO sublimation AH ionization energy AHO dissociation energy ΔΗΡ electron affinity TOr Cl, = -348.6 kJ/mole AH formation for NaCl(s) = -4l1.2 kJ/molearrow_forwardDraw a Born-Haber cycle for the formation of NaH(s) from its elements. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. 1/2H2 (g) → H(g)+218 kJ/mol Na(g) → Na+ (g) +e +495.8 kJ/mol H(g) +e → H (g) -72.8 kJ/mol Na (g) + H (g) → NaH(s) -808 kJ/mol Na(s) → Na(g)+107.3 kJ/mol Na(s) +1/2H2(g) → NaH(s) -60 kJ/molarrow_forwardUsing a Born-Haber cycle, calculate the enthalpy of formation of calcium fluoride, CaF2(s), given the following data: Ca(s) → Ca(g), +183 kJ/mol Ca(g) → Ca+(g) + e-, +595 kJ/mol Ca+(g) →Ca2+(g) + e-, +1,119kJ/mol F2(g) → 2F(g), +163 kJ/mol F(g) + e- → F-(g), -330 kJ/mol Ca2+(g) + 2F-(g) → CaF2(s), -2,685 kJ/molarrow_forward
- how do you calculate the energy of one mole of AlCl3 from its elements in their standard states if HCL has an energy of -167 kj/molarrow_forward6.941 mol atomic mass electronegativity 0.98 kJ 59.6 mol electron affinity kJ 520.2 mol ionization energy kJ 3.0 mol heat of fusion Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? O release O absorb (1) Li (g) + e Li(g) O Car be decided with the data given. Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1) using only the data above? O yes O no If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (1): O k/mol Does the following reaction absorb or release energy? O release O absorb (2) Li(g) → Li (g) + e O Can't be decided with the data given. Is it possible to calculate the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2) using only the data above? O yes O no If you answered yes to the previous question, enter the amount of energy absorbed or released by reaction (2): I kJ/molarrow_forwardConsider a hypothetical ionic compound AB (comprised of A* and B ions). Given the following enthalpy data and using a Born-Haber cycle calculation, predict AHiattice in kJ mol. AG) + Bs) - AB 4H = -384 kJ mol As) → Ag) ArH = 105 kJ mol B(s) - Bg) A,H = 101 kJ mol1 First ionization energy of Ag) = 501 kJ mol" Answes=? Electron affinity enthalpy of Bro (exothermic) = -348 kJ molarrow_forward
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