Chapter 6, Problem 6.68P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The temperature at which the first drop of condensate forms along with its composition is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Dew-point temperature is the temperature at which the first drop of liquid appears when a vapor is cooled slowly at the constant pressure. At this point the condensation starts.

Using a $T_{xy}$ diagram, the Vapor−liquid equilibrium calculations for binary systems can be considerably simplified. The plot of the temperature at equilibrium and mole ratio of the volatile component of the two along with the curves to be drawn for the liquid phase as well as the vapor phase at constant pressure, constitutes the $T_{xy}$ diagram.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The vapor and liquid phase mole fractions of benzene and toluene are to be determined. Also, the ratio of total moles in vapor to the total moles in liquid is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Dew-point temperature is the temperature at which the first drop of liquid appears when a vapor is cooled slowly at the constant pressure. At this point the condensation starts.

Using a $T_{xy}$ diagram, the Vapor−liquid equilibrium calculations for binary systems can be considerably simplified. The plot of the temperature at equilibrium and mole ratio of the volatile component of the two along with the curves to be drawn for the liquid phase as well as the vapor phase at constant pressure, constitutes the $T_{xy}$ diagram.

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

In a system, a conserved quantity (total mass, mass of a particular species, energy or momentum) is balanced and can be written as:

$\text{input+generation-output-consumpumtion=accumulation}$

Here, ‘input’ is the stream which enters the system. ‘generation’ is the term used for the quantity that is produced within the system. ‘output’ is the stream which leaves the system. ‘consumption’ is the term used for the quantity that is consumed within the system. ‘accumulation’ is used for the quantity which is builds up within the system.

All the equations which are formed are then solved simultaneously to calculate the values of the unknown variables.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The temperature at which the last bubble of the vapor condense is to be determined. Also, it composition is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Dew-point temperature is the temperature at which the first drop of liquid appears when a vapor is cooled slowly at the constant pressure. At this point the condensation starts.

Using a $T_{xy}$ diagram, the Vapor−liquid equilibrium calculations for binary systems can be considerably simplified. The plot of the temperature at equilibrium and mole ratio of the volatile component of the two along with the curves to be drawn for the liquid phase as well as the vapor phase at constant pressure, constitutes the $T_{xy}$ diagram.