Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6.2, Problem 4NP
Which statements are true with respect to environmental factors’ influence on microbes? Select all that apply.
- a. The optimum temperature range for microbes reflects the highest temperature at which growth will occur.
- b. Microbial cells often adapt to the temperature of their habitat, modifying their
metabolic processes to allow for survival. - c. Certain microbes require a higher carbon dioxide concentration for growth than that found in our atmosphere.
- d. All microbes live and/or grow within a narrow pH range of 6 to 8.
- e. The majority of microbes live in hypotonic and/or isotonic solutions.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 6.1 - List the essential nutrients of a bacterial cell.Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 2AYPCh. 6.1 - List and define four different terms that describe...Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 4AYPCh. 6.1 - Compare and contrast the processes of diffusion...Ch. 6.1 - Identify the effects of isotonic, hypotonic, and...Ch. 6.1 - Name two types of passive transport and one type...Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 1NPCh. 6.1 - Prob. 2NPCh. 6.1 - Prob. 3NP
Ch. 6.1 - Prob. 1MMCh. 6.2 - List and define five terms used to express the...Ch. 6.2 - Summarize three ways in which microorganisms...Ch. 6.2 - Identify three important environmental factors...Ch. 6.2 - List and describe the five types of associations...Ch. 6.2 - Discuss characteristics of biofilms that...Ch. 6.2 - Which statements are true with respect to...Ch. 6.3 - Summarize the steps of cell division used by most...Ch. 6.3 - Define doubling time, and describe how it leads to...Ch. 6.3 - Compare and contrast the four phases of growth in...Ch. 6.3 - Identify one culture-based and one...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 2MMCh. 6 - Which descriptors are likely to have applied to...Ch. 6 - Prob. 2QCh. 6 - Speculate about how earths atmosphere came to...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is true of passive...Ch. 6 - Compare the effects of a hypertonic, hypotonic,...Ch. 6 - Usually scientists looking for life on other...Ch. 6 - An organism that can synthesize all its required...Ch. 6 - Provide evidence in support of or refuting this...Ch. 6 - Develop an explanation for why biofilm bacteria...Ch. 6 - Most bacteria increase their numbers by a. sexual...Ch. 6 - Looking at figure 6.3, explain how a cell in a...Ch. 6 - In binary fission, the parent chromosome is...Ch. 6 - A cell exposed to a hypertonic environment will...Ch. 6 - Prob. 14QCh. 6 - Bacteria and archaea are ubiquitous on the planet....Ch. 6 - Prob. 16QCh. 6 - How can you explain the fact that an unopened...Ch. 6 - Prob. 18QCh. 6 - In a viable count, each ____ represents a ______...Ch. 6 - If an egg salad sandwich sitting in a car on a...Ch. 6 - Scientists now believe that most bacteria in...Ch. 6 - Prob. 1VC
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- Describe the range of temperatures a microbe can function within.arrow_forwardList the basic ideas/characteristics of microorganisms. Are all microbes dangerous?arrow_forwardMicrobes are exposed to a wide variety of environmental factors that affect growth and survival. By giving two (2) examples, discuss how the microbial survival in various environmental conditions has been used to understand its ability to make flavorful and long shelf-life type of foods.arrow_forward
- Defend or refute this statement: The upper-temperature limit to life is unrelated to the stability of proteins or nucleic acids and how influential is microbial activity on the geological processes of mineral formation and deposition compared to biological processes? (argue both sides of this one). What challenges and advantages do you see with the use of extremeophiles in industrial or bioremediation applications?arrow_forwardDescribe how each of the following physical factors affect microbial growth and aid in classification: a. temperature b. pH c. molecular oxygen d. osmotic pressure.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the action of alcohols, halogens, and oxidizing agents in controlling microbial growth.arrow_forward
- Which ONE of the following best describes the abbreviation ‘MIC’? Select one: A. The lowest concentration at which no microbial growth is detected B. The lowest concentration that indicates whether an antibiotic would be effective or not C. The lowest concentration which is not toxic to the host D. The lowest concentration which is least effective against the organism E. The lowest concentration which kills the organismarrow_forwardA mixture of various microbial populations is called a ______________.arrow_forwardUse this graph showing the standard death curves of three microbial species to answer the following two questions. The three microbial species shown in the graph where all treated at 70° C. If you had to sterilize a food product that contained 107 bacteria, how long would it take for each bacterial species? Calculate the D70 values for these three bacterial populations. For the next three questions, assume D90 = 22 minutes. At what temperature will you treat a food product? How long does it take you to kill 90% of bacteria? How long will it take you to sterilize a food product if it had 109 bacteria on it? Serial Dilutions 6a. A sample is given to you that contains 6 million cells per ml. You must make a series of serial dilutions in order to get a countable number on a plate to prove that there are indeed 6 million cells per ml. The plate that you eventually put a sample of bacteria on must have between 10 and 100 colonies for ease of counting. What…arrow_forward
- Please provide evidence supporting or refuting the following statement: Humans consume microbes every day with little health risk.arrow_forwardHelping tags: biology, microbiology, food microbiology, microbial growth, microbial death Analyze figures 2.7 and 2.8. 1. Guide questions: a) What range of time and temperature combinations poses the highest risk? How do you say so? b) Explain briefly why hazards and risks decrease as temperature decreases from 55oC upwards. c) Discuss briefly why after 100 hours, the risk decreases even if the temperature is optimal for growth of pathogens. d) Write a conclusion explaining the relationship between time and temperature as illustrated in the 2 figures. . . . WILL UPVOTE, just pls help me answer the questions. Thanks.arrow_forwardIn one paragraph of at least 150 words, answer the following questions (IN YOUR OWN WORDS): List three environmental factors that influence microbes and discuss why these factors are important to their survival.arrow_forward
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