Chapter 6.3, Problem 21SSC

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Whether Fluorine or Bromine has the highest electro negativity needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The tendency of attracting pair of shared electrons towards it self by an atom is defined as electro negativity.

Answer to Problem 21SSC

Fluorine has the highest electro negativity.

Explanation of Solution

On moving down a group in the periodic table, the electro negativity decreases due to an increase in the distance between valence electron shell and the nucleus. Atomic number of F is 9 and Br is 36.

Therefore, Fluorine has the highest electro negativity. Electronegativity value of Fluorine is 3.98 and that of Bromine is 2.96.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether Fluorine or Bromine has the highest ionic radius needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ionic radius can be defined as the radius of the ion in an atom.

Answer to Problem 21SSC

Bromine has the highest ionic radius.

Explanation of Solution

On moving down a group in the periodic table, the ionic radius of elements increases. This is because the number of shells increases on moving down a group. Atomic number of F is 9 and Br is 36.

Therefore, Bromine has the highest ionic radius. Ionic radius of Fluorine is 147 pm and ionic radius of Bromine is 185 pm.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether Fluorine or Bromine has the highest atomic radius needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic radius of a particular element is the measure of the atoms size. It can also be defined as the distance between its boundary and nucleus of the element.

Answer to Problem 21SSC

Bromine has the highest atomic radius.

Explanation of Solution

On moving down a group in the periodic table, the atomic radius of elements increases. This is because the number of shells increases on moving down a group. Atomic number of F is 9 and Br is 36.

Therefore, Bromine has the highest ionic radius. Atomic radius of Fluorine is 147 pm and atomic radiusof Bromine is 185 pm.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether Fluorine or Bromine has the highest ionization energy needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ionization energy can be defined as the measure of amount of energy needed to extract an electron form an atom or an ion. The energy to remove the first electron is termed as first ionization energy. Similarly, the energy required to remove the second electron is termed as second ionization energy.

Answer to Problem 21SSC

Fluorine has the highest ionization energy.

Explanation of Solution

On moving down a group in the periodic table, the ionization energy decreases. This is because the distance between the valence electrons and nucleus is more and so they experience greater shielding. Atomic number of F is 9 and Br is 36.

Fluorine has the highest ionization energy. Ionization energy of Fluorine is 17, 4228 and ionization energy of Bromine is 11, 8138.