The sequence of arrow pushing pattern should be identified for the given mechanism. Concept introduction: Aldol condensation : Aldehyde or a ketone under basic or acidic conditions forms β-hydroxy aldehyde or ketone from Aldehyde or a ketone reacts at the α-carbon with the carbonyl of another molecule is called aldol condensation. Sulfonation : Benzene is react Sulphur tri oxide or sulphuric acid forms Benzene monosulfonic acid. Acetoacetic-Ester Condensation or Claisen Condensation : Synthesis of β-ketoesters from an ester enclosing α-hydrogens in the presence of base like sodium ethoxide is called claisen condensation. Benzyne mechanism : A strong base abstract the proton from ortho to the leaving group in aromatic ring, followed by loss of leaving group which forms benzyne intermediate. This benzyne intermediate is highly unstable it undergoes nucleophilic attack and protonation which leads to the formation of the product. Kolbe–Schmitt reaction or Kolbe reaction : Phenol is converted in to salicylic acid (Ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid) in the presence base like sodium hydroxide and carbon di oxide is called Kolbe reaction

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 6.9, Problem 14PTS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The sequence of arrow pushing pattern should be identified for the given mechanism.

Concept introduction:

Aldol condensation: Aldehyde or a ketone under basic or acidic conditions forms β-hydroxy aldehyde or ketone from Aldehyde or a ketone reacts at the α-carbon with the carbonyl of another molecule is called aldol condensation.

Sulfonation: Benzene is react Sulphur tri oxide or sulphuric acid forms Benzene monosulfonic acid.

Acetoacetic-Ester Condensation or Claisen Condensation: Synthesis of β-ketoesters from an ester enclosing α-hydrogens in the presence of base like sodium ethoxide is called claisen condensation.

Benzyne mechanism: A strong base abstract the proton from ortho to the leaving group in aromatic ring, followed by loss of leaving group which forms benzyne intermediate. This benzyne intermediate is highly unstable it undergoes nucleophilic attack and protonation which leads to the formation of the product.

Kolbe–Schmitt reaction or Kolbe reaction: Phenol is converted in to salicylic acid (Ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid) in the presence base like sodium hydroxide and carbon di oxide is called Kolbe reaction

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Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 6.9, Problem 14PTS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The sequence of arrow pushing pattern should be identified for the given mechanism.

Concept introduction:

Aldol condensation: Aldehyde or a ketone under basic or acidic conditions forms β-hydroxy aldehyde or ketone from Aldehyde or a ketone reacts at the α-carbon with the carbonyl of another molecule is called aldol condensation.

Sulfonation: Benzene is react Sulphur tri oxide or sulphuric acid forms Benzene monosulfonic acid.

Acetoacetic-Ester Condensation or Claisen Condensation: Synthesis of β-ketoesters from an ester enclosing α-hydrogens in the presence of base like sodium ethoxide is called claisen condensation.

Benzyne mechanism: A strong base abstract the proton from ortho to the leaving group in aromatic ring, followed by loss of leaving group which forms benzyne intermediate. This benzyne intermediate is highly unstable it undergoes nucleophilic attack and protonation which leads to the formation of the product.

Kolbe–Schmitt reaction or Kolbe reaction: Phenol is converted in to salicylic acid (Ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid) in the presence base like sodium hydroxide and carbon di oxide is called Kolbe reaction

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 6.9, Problem 14PTS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The sequence of arrow pushing pattern should be identified for the given mechanism.

Concept introduction:

Aldol condensation: Aldehyde or a ketone under basic or acidic conditions forms β-hydroxy aldehyde or ketone from Aldehyde or a ketone reacts at the α-carbon with the carbonyl of another molecule is called aldol condensation.

Sulfonation: Benzene is react Sulphur tri oxide or sulphuric acid forms Benzene monosulfonic acid.

Acetoacetic-Ester Condensation or Claisen Condensation: Synthesis of β-ketoesters from an ester enclosing α-hydrogens in the presence of base like sodium ethoxide is called claisen condensation.

Benzyne mechanism: A strong base abstract the proton from ortho to the leaving group in aromatic ring, followed by loss of leaving group which forms benzyne intermediate. This benzyne intermediate is highly unstable it undergoes nucleophilic attack and protonation which leads to the formation of the product.

Kolbe–Schmitt reaction or Kolbe reaction: Phenol is converted in to salicylic acid (Ortho-hydroxybenzoic acid) in the presence base like sodium hydroxide and carbon di oxide is called Kolbe reaction

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 6.9, Problem 14PTS

Interpretation Introduction