Concept explainers
What are the products of the balanced equation for the combustion of C4H9OH?
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Introductory Chemistry
- Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere weathers, or dissolves, limestone (CaCO3) by the reaction CaCO3(s)+CO2(g)+H2O(l)Ca2(aq)+2HCO3(aq) Obtain H for this reaction. See Table 6.2 for the data.arrow_forward(a) Butane gas, C4H10, can burn completely in air [use O2(g) as the other reactant] to give carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. Write a balanced equation for this combustion reaction. (b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of C3H7BO3, a gasoline additive. The products of combustion are CO2(g), H2O(g), and B2O3(s).arrow_forward4.4 Automobile exhaust often contains traces of formaldehyde (CH2O), which is another possible product of incomplete combustion. Write a balanced equation for the formation of formaldehyde during the combustion of octane. (Water will also be formed as a product.)arrow_forward
- Consider the reaction between oxygen (O2) gas and magnesium metal to form magnesium oxide. Using oxidation states, how many electrons would each oxygen atom gain, and how many electrons would each magnesium atom lose? How many magnesium atoms are needed to react with one oxygen molecule? Write a balanced equation for this reaction.arrow_forwardEthanol, C2H5OH, is a gasoline additive that can be produced by fermentation of glucose. C6H12O62C2H5OH+2CO2 (a) Calculate the mass (g) of ethanol produced by the fermentation of 1.000 lb glucose. (b) Gasohol is a mixture of 10.00 mL ethanol per 90.00 mL gasoline. Calculate the mass (in g) of glucose required to produce the ethanol in 1.00 gal gasohol. Density of ethanol = 0.785 g/mL. (c) By 2022, the U. S. Energy Independence and Security Act calls for annual production of 3.6 1010 gal of ethanol, no more than 40% of it produced by fermentation of corn. Fermentation of 1 ton (2.2 103 lb) of corn yields approximately 106 gal of ethanol. The average corn yield in the United States is about 2.1 105 lb per 1.0 105 m2. Calculate the acreage (in m2) required to raise corn solely for ethanol production in 2022 in the United States.arrow_forwardThe carbon dioxide exhaled in the breath of astronauts is often removed from the spacecraft by reaction with lithium hydroxide 2LiOH(s)+CO2(g)Li2CO3(s)+H2O(l) Estimate the grams of lithium hydroxide required per astronaut per day. Assume that each astronaut requires 2.50 103 kcal of energy per day. Further assume that this energy can be equated to the heat of combustion of a quantity of glucose, C6H12O6, to CO2(g) and H2O(l). From the amount of glucose required to give 2.50 103 kcal of heat, calculate the amount of CO2 produced and hence the amount of LiOH required. The H for glucose(s) is 1273 kJ/mol.arrow_forward
- Oxidation of 1.00 g of carbon monoxide, CO, produces 1.57 g of carbon dioxide, CO2. How many grams of oxygen were required in this reaction?arrow_forwardAcetone, (CH3)2CO, is an important industrial compound. Although its toxicity is relatively low, workers using it must be careful to avoid flames and sparks because this compound burns readily in air. Write the balanced equation for the combustion of acetone.arrow_forward4.1 List at least two factors that make it difficult to describe the combustion of gasoline accurately. What assumption can be made to address these complications?arrow_forward
- 4.60 Why are fuel additives used?arrow_forwardATOM ECONOMY: Ethylene oxide, C2H4O, is an important industrial chemical [as it is the starting place to make such important chemicals as ethylene glycol (antifreeze) and various polymers]. One way to make the compound is called the chlorohydrin route. C2H4 + Cl2 + Ca(OH)2 C2H4O + CaCl2 + H2O Another route is the modern catalytic reaction. C2H4 + 1/2 O2 C2H4O (a) Calculate the % atom economy for the production of C2H4O in each of these reactions. Which is the more efficient method? (b) What is the percent yield of C2H4O if 867 g of C2H4 is used to synthesize 762 g of the product by the catalytic reaction?arrow_forward4.6 Use the web to research prices of gasoline at the pump for consumers in your area during the past year. Also find information about the price of crude oil for the same period. Discuss any correlations you observe between the two prices.arrow_forward
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