8th Edition

ISBN: 9780101123402

Author: Rosner

Publisher: YUZU

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Chapter 7, Problem 28P

A pilot study of a new antihypertensive agent is performed for the purpose of planning a larger study. Five patients who have a mean DBP of at least 95 mm Hg are recruited for the study and are kept on the agent for 1 month. After 1 month the observed mean decline in DBP in these five patients is 4.8 mm Hg with a standard deviation of 9 mm Hg.

If μ d = true mean difference in DBP between baseline and 1 month, then how many patients would be needed to have a 90% chance of detecting a significant change in DBP over 1 month using a one-tailed test with a significance level of 5%? Assume that the true mean and standard deviation of the DBP difference were the same as observed in the pilot study.

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Chapter 7, Problem 27P

Chapter 7, Problem 29P

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Overproduction of uric acid in the body can be an indication of cell breakdown. This may be an advance indication of illness such as gout, leukemia, or lymphoma. Over a period of months, anadult male patient has taken eight blood tests for uric acid. The mean concentration was ?̅= 5.35mg/dl. The distribution of uric acid in healthy adult males can be assumed to be normal, with σ = 1.85 mg/dl.a. Find a 90% confidence interval for the population mean concentration of uric acid in this patient’s blood. What is the margin of error?b. Find a 99% confidence interval for the population mean concentration of uric acid in this patient’s blood. What is the margin of error? Compare the lengths of the confidence intervals for parts (a) and (b). As the confidence levelsincrease, do the confidence intervals increase in length?

Chapter 7 Solutions

EBK FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOSTATISTICS

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Overproduction of uric acid in the body can be an indication of cell breakdown. This may be an advance indication of illness such as gout, leukemia, or lymphoma. Over a period of months, an adult male patient has taken eight blood tests for uric acid. The mean concentration was = 3.5 mg/dl. The distribution of uric acid in healthy adult males can be assumed to be normal, with σ = 1.85 mg/dl. Find a 95% confidence interval for the population mean concentration of uric acid in this patient’s blood. What is the margin of error? What conditions are necessary for your calculations? Interpret results in the context of this problem. Sample Size Find the sample size necessary for a 95% confidence level with maximal margin of error E=1.10 for the mean concentration of uric acid in this patient’s blood.
A hypertensive patient has been on antihypertensive medication for several years. Her physician wants to monitor herblood pressure via weekly measurements taken at home.Each week for 6 weeks she takes several blood pressurereadings and averages the readings to get a summary bloodpressure for the week. The diastolic blood pressure (DBP)results are shown in Table 6.15 are the same as the measured mean and standard deviationover the 6 weeks while the patient is on antihypertensivemedication.)Suppose we have a population with a normal distributionwith mean = 50 and standard deviation = 10.We draw a sample of 13 observations from this distribution.6.106 What is the probability that the sample mean will bewithin 1 unit of the population mean?6.107 Suppose we want to choose a large enough sampleso that the sample mean is within 1 unit of the populationmean 99% of the time. What is the minimum sample size toachieve this goal?
Unfortunately, arsenic occurs naturally in some ground water. A mean arsenic level of mu equals 8.0 parts per billion (ppb) is considered safe for agricultural use. A well in Texas is used to water cotton crops. This well is tested on a regular basis for arsenic. A random sample of 36 test gave a sample mean of x-bar = 6.9 ppb arsenic, with s = 2.6 ppb. Does this information indicate that the mean level of arsenic in this well is less than 8 ppb? Alpha = 0.01. a) What is the level of significance? b) What is the value of the sample test statistic? Round answer to 3 decimal places. c) estimate the p-value?

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