Bundle: Foundations of Astronomy, Enhanced, 13th + LMS Integrated MindTap Astronomy, 2 terms (12 months) Printed Access Card
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781337368360
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7, Problem 2DQ
To determine
Whether human body is a perfect blackbody.
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Use the Stefan - Boltzman law to calculate the total radiant energy emitted by a blackbody with temperature 317 K. Round your answer to the nearest whole number. Do not write your answer using scientific notation.
A star’s spectrum emits more radiation with a wavelength of 690.0 nm than with any other wavelength.
If the star is 9.78 ly from Earth and its radius is 7.20 × 108 m, what will an Earth-based observer measure for this star’s intensity? Stars are nearly perfect blackbodies. (Note: ly stands for light-years.)
Answer in W/m2
Our Sun shines bright with a luminosity of 3.828 x 1026 Watt. Her energy is responsible for many
processes and the habitable temperatures on the Earth that make our life possible.
(a) Calculate the amount of energy arriving on the Earth in a single day.
(b) To how many litres of heating oil (energy density: 37.3 x 10° J/litre) is this equivalent?
(c) The Earth reflects 30% of this energy: Determine the temperature on Earth's surface.
(d) What other factors should be considered to get an even more precise temperature estimate?
Note: The Earth's radius is 6370 km; the Sun's radius is 696 x 103 km; 1 AU is 1.495 x 108 km.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Bundle: Foundations of Astronomy, Enhanced, 13th + LMS Integrated MindTap Astronomy, 2 terms (12 months) Printed Access Card
Ch. 7 - Prob. 1RQCh. 7 - Prob. 2RQCh. 7 - Prob. 3RQCh. 7 - Prob. 4RQCh. 7 - Prob. 5RQCh. 7 - Prob. 6RQCh. 7 - Prob. 7RQCh. 7 - Prob. 8RQCh. 7 - Prob. 9RQCh. 7 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 7 - Prob. 11RQCh. 7 - Prob. 12RQCh. 7 - Prob. 13RQCh. 7 - Prob. 14RQCh. 7 - Prob. 15RQCh. 7 - Prob. 16RQCh. 7 - How is heat different from temperature?Ch. 7 - Prob. 18RQCh. 7 - Prob. 19RQCh. 7 - Prob. 20RQCh. 7 - Prob. 21RQCh. 7 - Prob. 22RQCh. 7 - Could an object be orbiting another object and we...Ch. 7 - Prob. 24RQCh. 7 - How Do We Know? How is the macroscopic world you...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1DQCh. 7 - Prob. 2DQCh. 7 - Prob. 3DQCh. 7 - Prob. 4DQCh. 7 - Prob. 5DQCh. 7 - Prob. 1PCh. 7 - A celestial body has a temperature of 50 K. What...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3PCh. 7 - Prob. 4PCh. 7 - Prob. 5PCh. 7 - Prob. 6PCh. 7 - Prob. 7PCh. 7 - Prob. 8PCh. 7 - Prob. 9PCh. 7 - Prob. 10PCh. 7 - Prob. 11PCh. 7 - Prob. 12PCh. 7 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 5LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 6LTLCh. 7 - Prob. 7LTL
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- With what type of electromagnetic radiation would you observe: A. A star with a temperature of 5800 K? B. A gas heated to a temperature of one million K? C. A person on a dark night?arrow_forwardUse Wien's Law to calculate the peak wavelength of light coming from the Sun. Assume T=5800 K for the surface temperature of the Sun. Wein's displacement law says that the blackbody temperature and peak wavelength multiplied together give a constant of 0.29 cm-K. (K is degrees Kelvin). Convert the wavelength from part A into a frequency. The product of wavelength and frequency for electromagnetic radiation is a constant, the speed of light (c), 3 x 10^10 cm/s.arrow_forwardCalculate the amount of radiation emitted for a unit surface (2 m2) for black ball at 53°C and £≈0.96 Express your answer SI units (in W).arrow_forward
- A steel spherical object is pulled from an oven at temperature 500C and placed on a surface in an environment at20C. Given the sphere's radius of 10cm, how long will it take to cool to 400C via blackbody radiation, which will beits primary means of losing heat? How long will it take if the radius is only 5cm? Explain the variation.arrow_forwardOur Sun shines bright with a luminosity of 3.828 x 1026 Watt. Her energy is responsible for manyprocesses and the habitable temperatures on the Earth that make our life possible.(a) Calculate the amount of energy arriving on the Earth in a single day.(b) To how many litres of heating oil (energy density: 37.3 x 106J/litre) is this equivalent?(c) The Earth reflects 30% of this energy: Determine the temperature on Earth’s surface.(d) What other factors should be considered to get an even more precise temperature estimate?arrow_forwardOur Sun has a surface temperature of about 5800 K. Find the emitted power per square meter of peak intensity for a similar star with 4600 K that emits thermal radiation. Express your answer in scientific notation and with three significant figures.arrow_forward
- Astronomers determine that a particular star in our galaxy is moving toward Earth at a speed of 716.0 km/s with respect to the Earth. If Earth receives a wavelength ? = 689.6 nm from this star, what was the wavelength emitted by the star?arrow_forwardThe Sun has a radius of about 700,000 km and a surface temperature of 5800 K. Assuming it is a perfect blackbody (an emissivity of 1), what is the rate of energy radiated (in W) from the surface of the Sun? (Hint: the surface area of a sphere is 4πR2; enter your answer in scientific notation, 1.23E12 means 1.23 * 1012).arrow_forwardThe Inverse-Square and Stefan-Boltzmann's Laws Recall that the Stefan-Boltzmann law estimates the total amount of emission, per unit area, that is leaving the surface of a blackbody. This is termed the total emittance. The Stefan-Boltzman law is described by the formula Eq (1): E* = σSB • T 4 Eq (1) Where E* is the total emittance in W/m2, σSB is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant with a value of 5.67 x 10-8 W/m2•K4 and T is the blackbody temperature in K. The equation for the inverse-square law is shown below Eq (2). E*2 = E*1 • (R1 / R2)2 Eq (2) Where E*2 is the irradiance at the distance of interest, E*1 is the emission from an emitter (for example, the Sun) or at a reference location (for example, at the orbital distance of a planet) and is equivalent to E* from Eq (1), R1 is the radius of the emitter, and R2 is the distance to the…arrow_forward
- A black body radiates energy at the rate of 1×105J/s×m2 at temperature of 227∘C.The temperature to which it must be heated so that it radiates energy at rate of 1×109J/sm2 is?arrow_forwardThe hottest ordinary star in our galaxy has a surface temperature of 53,000 K. What is the peak wavelength of its thermal radiation?arrow_forward
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