Concept explainers
Concept introduction:
Decision making plays an important role in the management. The decisions taken by managers are called managerial decisions. Managerial Decisions are decisions taken by managers for the operations of a firm. These decisions include setting target growth rates, hiring or firing employees, and deciding what products to sell. Manager’s decisions are taken on the basis of quantitative as well as the qualitative measures. The managerial decision includes the decisions like make or buy, accept or reject new offers, sell or further process etc. These decisions are taken on the basis of relevant costs.
Relevant costs are the costs that are relevant for any decision making. Relevant costs are helpful for take managerial decisions like make or buy, accept or reject new offers, sell or further process etc.
Two basic types of the relevant costs are as follows:
- Out-of-pocket costs
- Opportunity costs
To indicate:
If the Company should finish the bookcases
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Managerial Accounting
- Bigdeal Corporation manufactures paper and paper products and istrying to decide whether to purchase Smalltek Company. Smalltek has developed a process for manufacturing boxes that can replace containers that use fluorocarbons for expelling a liquid product. The price may be as high as $45 million. Bigdeal prefers to buy Smalltek and integrate its products while leaving the Smalltek management in charge of day-to-dayoperations. A major consideration is the efficiency and effectiveness of Smalltek’s operations. Bigdeal wants to obtain a report on the operational efficiency and effectiveness of the Smalltek sales, production, and research and development departments.Required:Who can Bigdeal engage to produce the report resulting from this operational audit? Several possibilities exist. Are there any particular advantages or disadvantages in choosing from among them?arrow_forwardPricing Williams Inc. produces a single product, a part used in the manufacture of automobiletransmissions. Known for its quality and performance, the part is sold to luxury auto manufacturersaround the world. Because this is a quality product, Williams has some flexibility in pricing the part.The firm calculates the price using a variety of pricing methods and then chooses the final price based onthat information and other strategic information. A summary of the key cost information follows. Williamsexpects to manufacture and sell 50,000 parts in the coming year. While the demand for Williams’s parthas been growing in the past 2 years, management is not only aware of the cyclical nature of the automobile industry, but also concerned about market share and profits during the industry’s current downturn.[LO 13-3][LO 13-4]Required (round prices to 4 decimal places)1. Determine the price for the part using a markup of 45% of full manufacturing cost.2. Determine the price for the part…arrow_forwardCobe Company has manufactured 225 partially finished cabinets at a cost of $56,250. These can be sold as is for $67,500. Instead, the cabinets can be stained and fitted with hardware to make finished cabinets. Further processing costs would be $13,500, and the finished cabinets could be sold for $90,000.(a) Prepare a sell as is or process further analysis of income effects.(b) Should the cabinets be sold as is or processed further and then sold?arrow_forward
- Millennium Printers Inc. manufactures color laser printers. Model L-1819 presently sells for $150 and has a total product cost of $120, as follows: Direct materials $90 Direct labor 20 Factory overhead 10 Total $120 It is estimated that the competitive selling price for color laser printers of this type will drop to $140 next year. Millennium Printers wants to establish a target cost to maintain its historical markup percentage on product cost. Engineers have provided the following cost reduction ideas: Purchase a plastic printer cover with snap-on assembly. This will reduce the amount of direct labor by nine minutes per unit. Add an inspection step that will add six minutes per unit of direct labor but reduce the materials cost by $3 per unit. Decrease the cycle time of the injection molding machine from four minutes to three minutes per part. Thirty percent of the direct labor and 45% of the factory overhead is related to running injection molding machines. The direct…arrow_forwardMillennium Printers Inc. manufactures color laser printers. Model L-1819 presently sells for $150 and has a total product cost of $120, as follows: Direct materials $90 Direct labor 20 Factory overhead 10 Total $120 It is estimated that the competitive selling price for color laser printers of this type will drop to $140 next year. Millennium Printers wants to establish a target cost to maintain its historical markup percentage on product cost. Engineers have provided the following cost reduction ideas: Purchase a plastic printer cover with snap-on assembly. This will reduce the amount of direct labor by nine minutes per unit. Add an inspection step that will add six minutes per unit of direct labor but reduce the materials cost by $3 per unit. Decrease the cycle time of the injection molding machine from four minutes to three minutes per part. Thirty percent of the direct labor and 45% of the factory overhead is related to running injection molding machines. The direct…arrow_forwardSalem Electronics currently produces two products: a programmable calculator and a tape recorder. A recent marketing study indicated that consumers would react favorably to a radio with the Salem brand name. Owner Kenneth Booth was interested in the possibility. Before any commitment was made, however, Kenneth wanted to know what the incremental fixed costs would be and how many radios must be sold to cover these costs. In response, Betty Johnson, the marketing manager, gathered data for the current products to help in projecting overhead costs for the new product. The overhead costs based on 30,000 direct labor hours follow. (The high-low method using direct labor hours as the independent variable was used to determine the fixed and variable costs.) All depreciation. The following activity data were also gathered: Betty was told that a plantwide overhead rate was used to assign overhead costs based on direct labor hours. She was also informed by engineering that if 20,000 radios were produced and sold (her projection based on her marketing study), they would have the same activity data as the recorders (use the same direct labor hours, machine hours, setups, and so on). Engineering also provided the following additional estimates for the proposed product line: Upon receiving these estimates, Betty did some quick calculations and became quite excited. With a selling price of 26 and just 18,000 of additional fixed costs, only 4,500 units had to be sold to break even. Since Betty was confident that 20,000 units could be sold, she was prepared to strongly recommend the new product line. Required: 1. Reproduce Bettys break-even calculation using conventional cost assignments. How much additional profit would be expected under this scenario, assuming that 20,000 radios are sold? 2. Use an activity-based costing approach, and calculate the break-even point and the incremental profit that would be earned on sales of 20,000 units. 3. Explain why the CVP analysis done in Requirement 2 is more accurate than the analysis done in Requirement 1. What recommendation would you make?arrow_forward
- Boston Executive. Inc., produces executive limousines and currently manufactures the mini-bar inset at these costs: The company received an offer from Elite Mini-Bars to produce the insets for $2,100 per Unit and supply 1,000 mini-bars for the coming years estimated production. If the company accepts this offer and shuts down production of this part of the business, production workers and supervisors will be reassigned to other areas. Assume that for the short-term decision-making process demonstrated in this problem, the companys total labor costs (direct labor and supervisor salaries) will remain the same if the bar inserts are purchased. The specialized equipment cannot be used and has no market value. However, the space occupied by the mini bar production can be used by a different production group that will lease it for $55,000 per year. Should the company make or buy the mini-bar insert?arrow_forwardOat Treats manufactures various types of cereal bars featuring oats. Simmons Cereal Company has approached Oat Treats with a proposal to sell the company its top selling oat cereal bar at a price of $27,500 for 20,000 bars. The costs shown are associated with production of 20,000 oat bars currently. The manufacturing overhead consists of $3,000 of variable costs with the balance being allocated to fixed costs. Should Oat Treats make or buy the oat bars?arrow_forwardParadise Manufacturing currently makes one of its parts for a total cost of $3.80 per unit. This cost is based on a normal capacity of 60,000 units. Variable cost are $2.50 per unit. Fixed cost related to making this part is $30,000. Allocated fixed cost are unavoidable and amount to $30,000. Paradise Manufacturing is considering buying the part for $2.80 per unit. Should the company continue making the part or should they buy the part from the outside supplier? Give a numerical justification for your answer.arrow_forward
- Mesa Verde manufactures unpainted furniture for the do-it-yourself (DIY) market. It currently sells a table for $75. Production costs are $40 variable and $10 fi xed. Mesa Verde is considering staining and sealing the table to sell it for $100. Variable costs to fi nish each table are expected to be $19, and fi xed costs are expected to be $3. Prepare an analysis showing whether Mesa Verde should sell unpainted or fi nished tables.arrow_forwardPerfect Furniture is a manufacturer of kitchen tables andchairs. Th e company is currently deciding between two newmethods for making kitchen tables. Th e fi rst process is estimatedto have a fi xed cost of $80,000 and a variable cost of $75 per unit.Th e second process is estimated to have a fi xed cost of $100,000and a variable cost of $60 per unit.(a) Graphically plot the total costs for both methods.Identify which ranges of product volume are best foreach method.(b) If the company produces 500 tables a year, which methodprovides a lower total cost?arrow_forwardLooking for the break-even point from the information provided. The Smiths need to develop an analysis of their breakeven point for the plastic display case based on sales of the product directly to the consumer as well as through retailers. If the product were sold to retailers, the price would have to provide retailers with an adequate markup. Exhibit C7.4 presents the expected cost structure for the Unique Display Cases display case developed by their accountant. Based on competitive prices, the Smiths expected to offer their product in direct to consumer sales for $24.99 plus $2.99 for shipping and handling. The price to retailers would have to be negotiated but would be 30–40% less to allow an adequate markup for the retail firms. The production cost of $7.50 was based on a production run of 5000 units in one color. At 10,000 or more units, production cost would drop to $5.75 per unit. The company that would produce the plastic unit had production capacity of 25,000 units a year.…arrow_forward
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