Interpretation:
The pathway for the conversion of a starting material into products for each of the given reaction is to be provided.
Concept Introduction:
▸ Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.
▸ Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.
▸ Free radical is an atom, molecule or ion that has unpaired electrons which makes it highly chemically reactive.
▸ Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a
▸ Elimination reaction: A reaction in which two substituent groups are detached and a double bond is formed is called elimination reaction.
▸ Addition reaction: It is the reaction in which unsaturated bonds are converted to saturated molecules by the addition of molecules.
▸ The reduction of
▸ Hydrogenation of alkenes or alkynes is an addition reaction that leads to the formation of
▸ Sodium amide is a strong base and it helps in the formation of acetylide that can be converted into a bigger alkyne by adding alkylhalide.
▸
▸ Chair conformations: It is the most stable conformation, which accurately shows the spatial arrangement of atoms.
▸ Equatorial bonds are parallel to the average plane of the ring, while axial bonds are perpendicular to the average plane of the ring.
▸ The conformation having bonds at the equatorial positions are more stable than those with bonds at the axial position.
▸ On flipping the cyclohexane ring, axial bonds become equatorial bonds and equatorial bonds becomes axial bond.
▸ Bulkier group acquires equatorial positions to form stable conformer due to steric factors.
▸ In alkenes, if the higher priority group on both the carbon is on the same side, configuration is termed as Z-configuration.
▸ In alkenes, if the higher priority group on both the carbon is on the opposite side, configuration is termed as E-configuration.
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Organic Chemistry, 12e Study Guide/Student Solutions Manual
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- Provide reagents/conditions to accomplish the following syntheses. Several steps are required in some cases. H2N NH2 Но TH. NH2 HOarrow_forwardProvide the reagents necessary to complete the following reactions. More than one step may be necessary, if so number separate steps.arrow_forward3) Provide a synthesis of the following compounds using the given starting materials as your only carbon source and any other reagents. Br starting materials final product starting material final productarrow_forward
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