Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 7, Problem 9TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Oxidative phosphorylation is the process by which electrons are transferred from NADH or FADH2 to oxygen molecules. This happens through a series of steps in which it passes though many electron carriers and results in the formation of ATP molecules.
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Why are electron carriers (NAD+/NADH and FAD/FADH2) so important in the process of cellular respiration?
A)NADH and FADH2 are major components of the ETC, so without them, there would be no ETC in the cell.
B)They deliver electrons to the ETC, which in turn sets up chemiosmosis, where most of the ATP is generated.
C)They separate the electrons from the protons so that the protons can be moved out of the mitochondrion.
D)The electrons that they carry are able to directly phosphorylate ADP in order to generate the bulk of ATP in the cell.
E) They transport protons across the mitochondrial membrane.
14.
Which feature of anaerobic and aerobic respiration is different?
Select one:
a.Use of electron transport system
b.Use of the Electron Donor
c.Use of proton motive force
d.None of the Above
e.Use of the Electron Acceptor
In aerobic respiration when is carbon dioxide produced?
(a) when oxygen is used as the final electron acceptor in oxidative phosphorylation (b) glycolysis (c) during substrate level phosphorylation (d) Krebs cycle (e) when hydrogen is pumped across the inner membrane of the mitochondria
Chapter 7 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 7.2 - Core Skill: Connections Look ahead to Table 45.1....Ch. 7.2 - Which organic molecules donate a phosphate group...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 2CSCh. 7.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.5 - Explain the meaning of the name cytochrome...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7.6 - Prob. 1CSCh. 7.6 - Prob. 1EQCh. 7.6 - CoreSKILL In the experiment of Figure 7.13, what...Ch. 7.6 - Prob. 3EQ
Ch. 7.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 7 - Which of the following pathways occurs in the...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2TYCh. 7 - Prob. 3TYCh. 7 - Which organic molecule supplies a two-carbon group...Ch. 7 - The ability to diagnose tumors using...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6TYCh. 7 - Certain drugs, which are called ionophores, cause...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8TYCh. 7 - Prob. 9TYCh. 7 - Prob. 10TYCh. 7 - Prob. 1CQCh. 7 - What causes the rotation of the subunit of ATP...Ch. 7 - Core Concept: Energy and Matter How is glucose...Ch. 7 - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2COQ
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- During oxidative phosphorylation, the proton motive force that is generated by electron transport is used to: a. Generate the substrates (ADP and Pi) for the ATP synthase. b. Create a pore in the inner mitochondrial membrane. c. Oxidize NADH to NAD+. d. Induce a conformational change in the ATP synthase.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is a lie?Select one:a.Specific enzymes in the electron transport chain are unaffected by feedback inhibition.b.Elevated levels of ADP will increase pathway activity in the electron transport chain.c.The rate of transport of electrons through the electron transport chain is regulated by feedback inhibition.arrow_forwardThe electrons carried by NADH and FADH2 can be a. pumped into the intermembrane space. b. transferred to the ATP synthase. c. moved between proteins in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. d. transported into the matrix of the mitochondrionarrow_forward
- Oligomycin is a substance that prevents the ATP synthesis reaction in oxidative phosphorylation, and 2,4-dinitrophenol is an uncoupling agent. In the presence of oligomycin, what would be the effect of adding 2,4-dinitrophenol? A) O2 consumption will increase. B) Electron transfer will be blocked. C) Oxidative phosphorylation will occur. D) Production of water will decrease.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements concerning ATP synthesis in mitochondria is FALSE? a. interruption of the flow of electrons from NADH to oxygen would decrease ATP synthesis b. making the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to H+ would decrease ATP synthesis c. the energy liberated by the electron-transport chain is used to pump H+ ions into the IM-space d. the movement of H+ through a special channel enzyme (synthase) results in ATP synthesis e. when protons move from the matrix to the IM-space, ATP is made from ADP + Piarrow_forwardWhat effect will increasing the number of c subunits in ATP synthase have on the P:O ratio? A. It will increase for both NADH and FADH2. B. It will increase for NADH and decrease for FADH2. C. It will decrease for NADH and increase for FADH2. D. It will decrease for both NADH and FADH2. E. It will remain unchanged for both NADH and FADH2.arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is NOT true about the electron transport chain (ETC) and oxidative phosphorylation? A. Oxidative phosphorylation requires the enzyme complexes to be soluble in the mitochondrial matrix. B. If the proton gradient is too high, electrons will not move through the ETC. C. The movement of electrons down the ETC only happens if protons are pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. D. Oxidative phosphorylation requires the mitochondrial intermembrane space to be more positively charged than the matrix. E. The free energy of the proton gradient can be used to create high energy bonds.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true of the electron transport chain? a. It produces NADH, as a result of electrons being transferred from glucose to NAD+ b. End products include CO2, water, and pyruvate c. It allows for the controlled release of energy for ATP synthesis d. It is part of the oxidative phosphorylation processarrow_forwardDuring glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle, NADH is produced. The citric acid cycle also produces FADH2. What is the purpose of these molecules? a. to produce carbon dioxide to breathe out b. to produce oxygen that is needed for the electron transport chain c. to carry electrons to the electron transport chain d. to provide the ADP and phosphate that are needed to make ATParrow_forward
- which of the following woudl decrease the number of atp molecules generated per nadh molecule in the electron transport chain? a. increasing the energy of the electrons nadh transfer to complex I b. reducing the number of protons required by ATP synthase to produce an ATP moelcule c. having nadh transfer its elections to complex III instead of complex I d. increasing the amount of oxygen available to the cellarrow_forwardCompare ATP production in the citric acid cycle to the electron transport chain, or aerobic respiration. A. Both processes use oxidative phosphorylation. B. Both processes use substrate-level phosphorylation. C. The citric acid cycle uses substrate-level phosphorylation, and the electron transport chain uses oxidative phosphorylation. D. The citric acid cycle uses oxidative phosphorylation, and the electron transport chain uses substrate-level phosphorylation.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? A. The NADH dehydrogenase complex can pump more protons than can the cytochrome b-c1 complex. B. The pH in the mitochondrial matrix is higher than the pH in the intermembrane space. C. The proton concentration gradient and the membrane potential across the inner mitochondrial membrane tend to work against each other in driving protons from the intermembrane space into the matrix. D. The difference in proton concentration across the inner mitochondrial membrane has a much larger effect than the membrane potential on the total proton-motive force.arrow_forward
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