Biology: How Life Works
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319017637
Author: James Morris, Daniel Hartl, Andrew Knoll, Melissa Michael, Robert Lue, Andrew Berry, Andrew Biewener, Brian Farrell, N. Michele Holbrook
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 7.3, Problem 7SAQ
Summary Introduction
Pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl-CoA and this compound connects the citric acid cycle with the glycolysis. Citric acid is otherwise termed as tri-carboxylic acid (TCA). This molecule is then oxidized through a series of reactions. The oxidation process occurs in the mitochondria.
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At the end of the citric acid cycle, but before the subsequent steps of cellular respiration, which molecules contain the energy held in the original glucose molecule?
Of the 36 molecules of ATP produced by the complete metabolism of glucose, how many are produced directly in glycolysis alone, that is, before the common pathway?
Which steps of aerobic metabolism of pyruvate through the citric acid cycle are control points?
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- Two carbon atoms are fed into the citric acid cycle as acetyl-CoA. In what form are two carbon atoms removed from the cycle?arrow_forwardPyruvic acid is a product of glycolysis, but it is not the substance that joins with the pickup molecule to enter the citric acid cycle. What is that substance?arrow_forwardWhen deaminated, which amino acids produce citric acid cycle components and glycolysis intermediates?arrow_forward
- Per molecule of pyruvate, how many molecules of CO2 are produced during acetyl-CoA formation and the citric acid cycle (Stages 2 and 3)?arrow_forwardHow much ATP can be generated from glucose when the citric acid cycle isoperating?arrow_forwardAfter pyruvate enters the mitochondria, what would be the maximum number of ATP molecules produced from the complete oxidation of one molecule of pyruvate ?arrow_forward
- fatty acid breakdown generates a large amount of acetyl CoA. What will be the effect of fatty acid breakdown on pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity? On glycolysis?arrow_forwardBeta oxidation generates substrates for cellular respiration through which of the following processes? a. catabolism of proteins b. catabolism of fatty acids c. catabolism of glycogen d. catabolism of glucosearrow_forwardTwo molecules of what compound are produced by glycolysis? Does this molecule enter the citric acid cycle?arrow_forward
- How is pyruvate modified before entering the citric acid cycle?arrow_forwardHow many ATP will be broken down in the complete β-oxidation of this fatty acid?arrow_forwardMaximal production of ATP from glucose involves the reactions of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. Which of these reactions requires O2, and why? Which, in certain organisms or physiological conditions, can proceed in the absence of O2?arrow_forward
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