Organic Chemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781118875766
Author: T. W. Graham Solomons, Craig B. Fryhle, Scott A. Snyder
Publisher: WILEY
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 1LGP
(a) Synthesize (3S, 4R)-3, 4-dibromo-1-cyclohexylpentane (and its enantiomer, since a racemic mixture will be formed) from ethyne, 1-chloro-2-cyclohexylethane, bromomethane, and any other reagents necessary. (Use ethyne, 1-chloro-2-cyclohexylethane, and bromomethane as the sole sources of carbon atoms.) Stan the problem by showing a retrosynthetic analysis. In the process, decide which atoms of the target molecule will come from which acorns of the starting reagents. Also, bear in mind how the stereospecificity of the reactions you employ can be used to achieve the required stereochemical form of the final product.
(b) Explain why a racemic mixture of products results from this synthesis.
(c) How could the synthesis be modified to produce a racemic mixture of the
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Like other electrophiles, carbocations add to alkenes to form new carbocations, which can then undergo substitution or elimination reactions depending on the reaction conditions. With this in mind, consider the following reactions of nerol, a natural product isolated from lemon grass and other plant sources. Treatment of nerol with TsOH forms α-terpineol as the major product, whereas treatment of nerol with chlorosulfonic acid, HSO3Cl, forms a constitutional isomer, α-cyclogeraniol. Write stepwise mechanisms for both processes. Each mechanism involves the addition of an electrophile—a carbocation—to a double bond.
Like other electrophiles, carbocations add to alkenes to form new carbocations, which can then undergo substitution or elimination reactions depending on the reaction conditions. With this in mind, consider the following reactions of nerol, a natural product isolated from lemon grass and other plant sources. Treatment of nerol with TsOH forms α-terpineol as the major product, whereas treatment of nerol with chlorosulfonic acid, HSO3Cl, forms a constitutional isomer, αcyclogeraniol. Write stepwise mechanisms for both processes. Each mechanism involves the addition of an electrophile— a carbocation—to a double bond.
Addition of HBr to 3,3-dimethyl-1-butene gives a mixture of two isomeric alkyl bromide products. Please daw structures for the two products, and give a mechanistic explanation for their formation.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 8 - Prob. 1PPCh. 8 - Prob. 2PPCh. 8 - Practice Problem 8.3 Provide mechanistic...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4PPCh. 8 - Prob. 5PPCh. 8 - Prob. 6PPCh. 8 - Prob. 7PPCh. 8 - Prob. 8PPCh. 8 - Prob. 9PPCh. 8 - Prob. 10PP
Ch. 8 - Prob. 11PPCh. 8 - Prob. 12PPCh. 8 - Practice Problem 8.13
Specify the appropriate...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14PPCh. 8 - Practice Problem 8.15 Write a mechanism to explain...Ch. 8 - Prob. 16PPCh. 8 - Prob. 17PPCh. 8 - Prob. 18PPCh. 8 - Practice Problem 8.19 Treating cyclohexene with l,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 20PPCh. 8 - Practice Problem 8.21
Predict the products of the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 22PPCh. 8 - Prob. 23PPCh. 8 - Prob. 24PPCh. 8 - Prob. 25PPCh. 8 - Write structural formulas for the products that...Ch. 8 - Prob. 27PCh. 8 - Prob. 28PCh. 8 - 8.29. Give the structure of the products that you...Ch. 8 - Give the structure of the products you would...Ch. 8 - Prob. 31PCh. 8 - Prob. 32PCh. 8 - Prob. 33PCh. 8 - Prob. 34PCh. 8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8 - Prob. 36PCh. 8 - Prob. 37PCh. 8 - When 3, 3-dimethyl-2-butanol is neared with...Ch. 8 - Prob. 39PCh. 8 - Prob. 40PCh. 8 - Prob. 41PCh. 8 - Prob. 42PCh. 8 - 8.43. Write a mechanism that explains the...Ch. 8 - 8.44. Write a mechanism for the following...Ch. 8 - Write a mechanism that explains formation of the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 46PCh. 8 - 8.47. Farnesene (below) is a compound found in the...Ch. 8 - Limonene is a compound found in orange oil and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 49PCh. 8 - Synthesize the following compound starting with...Ch. 8 - Predict features of their IR spectra that you...Ch. 8 - Deduce the structures of compounds A, B, and C,...Ch. 8 - Ricinoleic acid, a compound that can be isolated...Ch. 8 - 8.54. There are two dicarboxylic acids with the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 55PCh. 8 - Prob. 56PCh. 8 - Prob. 57PCh. 8 - Prob. 58PCh. 8 - 8.59. For each of the following questions, please...Ch. 8 - Prob. 60PCh. 8 - Prob. 61PCh. 8 - Prob. 62PCh. 8 - Triethylamine, (C2H5)3N, like all amines, has a...Ch. 8 - (a) Synthesize (3S, 4R)-3,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2LGPCh. 8 - Prob. 3LGPCh. 8 - Prob. 4LGP
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
1.14 Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture. If a mixture, indicate whether it is homo...
Chemistry: The Central Science (14th Edition)
Propose a mechanism for each of the following transformations. The following problems will probably seem too ea...
Organic Chemistry As a Second Language: Second Semester Topics
1.7 Which kind of change, chemical or physical, is needed change a compound into its elements?
Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter
4. 38 Strontium has four naturally occurring isotopes, with mass numbers 84, 86, 87, arid 88.
a. Write the atom...
Basic Chemistry (5th Edition)
When another atom or group of atoms is substituted for one of the hydrogen atoms in benzene, C2H2 , the boiling...
General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
A compound that contains only C and H was burned in excess O2 to give CO2 and H2O. When 0.270 g of the compound...
General Chemistry: Atoms First
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Complete the following mechanism for the acid-catalyzed rearrangement of 1-vinyl-2-phenylcyclopropane to give both isomers (E / Z) of 5-bromo-5-phenyl-2-pentene employing the curved-arrow/arrow-pushing formalism.arrow_forwardThe reaction of 3,4-dimethyl-3-hexanol (3,4-dimethylhexan-3-ol) with HBr generates compound A as the major product. Treatment of compound A with a strong base gives two isomers of compound B as the major product, along with one isomer of compound C and one isomer of compound D as minor products, all of which have one double-bond equivalent. Identify compounds A, B, C, and D and give their names. By what mechanism does the reaction of 3,4-dimethyl-3-hexanol with HBr occur? By what mechanism does the reaction of A with strong base to form B occur? Propose reaction conditions for an alternative, one-step method for converting 3,4-dimethyl-3-hexanol directly to compound B.arrow_forwardCompound A (C9H12) absorbed 3 equivalents of H2 on catalytic reduction over a palladium catalyst to give B(C9H18). On ozonolysis, compound A gave, among other things, a ketone that was identified as cyclohexanone. Ontreatment with NaNH2 in NH3, followed by addition of iodomethane, compound A gave a new hydrocarbon, C(C10H14 ) . What are the structures of A, B, a nd C?arrow_forward
- Dehydrohalogenation of 1-chloro-1-methylcyclopropane affords two alkenes (A and B) as products. Explain why A is the major product despite the fact that it contains the less substituted double bond.arrow_forwardα-Terpinene, C10H16, is a pleasant-smelling hydrocarbon that has been isolated from oil of marjoram. On hydrogenation over a palladium catalyst, α-terpinene reacts with 2 molar equivalents of H2 to yield a hydrocarbon, C10H20. On ozonolysis, followed by reduction with zinc and acetic acid, α-terpinene yields two products, glyoxal and 6-methyl-2,5- heptanedione. (a) How many degrees of unsaturation does a-terpinene have? (b) How many double bonds and how many rings does it have? (c) Propose a structure for a-terpinene.arrow_forwardThere are a variety of isometric 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexanes, but one of them does not react with CH3CH2O- to give an elimation product. Provide the structures of this compound and briefly explain why it does not reactarrow_forward
- Suggest a strategy for converting 1-methylcyclohexene into 1-cyclohexylmethanol. Provide the structures for the major organic products frormed in each step.arrow_forward(1) Predict the outcome of the addition of HBr to (a) trans-2-pentene, (b) 2-methyl-2-butene, and (c) 4-methylcyclohexene. How many isomers can be formed in each case? (2) Addition of HBr to 3,3-dimethyl-1-butene gives a mixture of two isomeric alkyl bromide products. Draw structures for the two products, and give a mechanistic explanation for their formation.arrow_forwardProvide the E2 mechanism for β-elimination reactionemploying 2-chloro-2-methylbutane to prepare 2-methyl-2-butene and 2-methyl-1-butene reaction. Use the actual structures of thereactants and products. Explain which of the alkenes is the major product ofthis reaction ?arrow_forward
- You are required to synthesize 2-bromopentane from the reaction between an alkene with HBr. Which alkene, 1-pentene or 2-pentene, should you react with HBr in order to get 2-bromopentane? Give an explanation.arrow_forwardDiphenylacetylene can be synthesized by the double dehydrohalogenation of 1,2-dibromo-1,2-diphenylethene. The sequence starting from (E)-1,2-diphenylethene consists of bromination to give the dibromide, followed by dehydrohalogenation to give a vinylic bromide, then a second dehydrohalogenation to give diphenylacetylene.(a) What is the structure, including stereochemistry, of the vinylic bromide?(b) If the sequence starts with (Z)-1,2-dibromo-1,2-diphenylethene, what is (are) the structure(s) of the intermediate dibromide(s)? What is the structure of the vinylic bromide?arrow_forward1-Chloro-1,2-diphenylethane can undergo E2 elimination to give either cis- or trans-1,2-diphenylethylene (stilbene). Draw Newman projections of the reactive conformations leading to both possible products, and suggest a reason why the trans alkene is the major product.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580350
Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:Cengage Learning
07 Physical Properties of Organic Compounds; Author: Mindset;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjlSgwq4w6U;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY