Essential University Physics, Volume 1 and Volume 2 - With Access
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134645490
Author: Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 72PP
To determine
The approximate orbital period of GPS satellites.
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If you wanted to place a satellite in a geosynchronous orbit, at what height above the Earth's surface should you place it? (Earth's mass = 5.98x10^24, Earth's radius = 6x10^6, G = 6.67x10^-11)
For the previous situation using the given answer, what is the difference in potential energy between the Earth's surface and the satellite height for a satellite with 1 kg mass?
You are a visitor aboard the New International Space Station, which is in a circular orbit around the Earth with an orbital speed of ?o=2.45 km/s�o=2.45 km/s . The station is equipped with a high velocity projectile launcher, which can be used to launch small projectiles in various directions at high speeds. Most of the time, the projectiles either enter new orbits around the Earth or eventually fall down and hit the Earth. However, as you know from your physics courses at the Academy, projectiles launched with a sufficiently great initial speed can travel away from the Earth indefinitely, always slowing down but never falling back to Earth.
With what minimum total speed, relative to the Earth, would projectiles need to be launched from the station in order to "escape" in this way? For reference, recall that the radius of the Earth is ?E=6370000 m�E=6370000 m, the mass of the Earth is ?E=5.98×1024 kg�E=5.98×1024 kg , the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Earth is ?=9.81…
What minimum energy is required to take a stationary 3.5 ×103 kg satellite from the surface of the Earth and put it into a circular orbit with a radius of 6.88 ×106 m and an orbital speed of 7.61×103 m s? (Ignore Earth’s rotation.)
Chapter 8 Solutions
Essential University Physics, Volume 1 and Volume 2 - With Access
Ch. 8.2 - Suppose the distance between two objects is cut in...Ch. 8.3 - Suppose the paths in Fig. 8.8 are the paths of...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 8.3GICh. 8 - What do Newtons apple and the Moon have in common?Ch. 8 - Prob. 2FTDCh. 8 - When you stand on Earth, the distance between you...Ch. 8 - The force of gravity on an object is proportional...Ch. 8 - A friend who knows nothing about physics asks what...Ch. 8 - Could you put a satellite in an orbit that keeps...Ch. 8 - Why are satellites generally launched eastward and...
Ch. 8 - Given Earths mass, the Moons distance and orbital...Ch. 8 - How should a satellite be launched so that its...Ch. 8 - Does the gravitational force of the Sun do work on...Ch. 8 - Space explorers land on a planet with the same...Ch. 8 - Use data for the Moons orbit from Appendix E to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 13ECh. 8 - Prob. 14ECh. 8 - Two identical lead spheres with their centers 14...Ch. 8 - Whats the approximate value of the gravitational...Ch. 8 - A sensitive gravimeter is carried to the top of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18ECh. 8 - Find the speed of a satellite in geostationary...Ch. 8 - Marss orbit has a diameter 1.52 times that of...Ch. 8 - Calculate the orbital period for Jupiters moon Io,...Ch. 8 - An astronaut hits a golf ball horizontally from...Ch. 8 - The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter circles the red...Ch. 8 - Earths distance from the Sun varies from 147 Gm at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 25ECh. 8 - A rocket is launched vertically upward from Earths...Ch. 8 - What vertical launch speed is necessary to get a...Ch. 8 - Find the energy necessary to put 1 kg, initially...Ch. 8 - Whats the total mechanical energy associated with...Ch. 8 - Prob. 30ECh. 8 - Determine escape speeds from (a) Jupiters moon...Ch. 8 - Prob. 32ECh. 8 - The gravitational acceleration at a planets...Ch. 8 - One of the longest-standing athletic records is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 35PCh. 8 - If youre standing on the ground 15 m directly...Ch. 8 - Given the Moons orbital radius of 384,400 km and...Ch. 8 - Equation 7.9 relates force to the derivative of...Ch. 8 - During the Apollo Moon landings, one astronaut...Ch. 8 - Prob. 40PCh. 8 - Prob. 41PCh. 8 - Youre preparing an exhibit for the Golf Hall of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 43PCh. 8 - Satellites A and B are in circular orbits, with A...Ch. 8 - The asteroid that exploded over Chelyabinsk,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 46PCh. 8 - Prob. 47PCh. 8 - Neglecting air resistance, to what height would...Ch. 8 - Show that an object released from rest very far...Ch. 8 - Prob. 50PCh. 8 - Prob. 51PCh. 8 - Prob. 52PCh. 8 - Prob. 53PCh. 8 - Prob. 54PCh. 8 - Prob. 55PCh. 8 - Two meteoroids are 160,000 km from Earths center...Ch. 8 - Two rockets are launched from Earths surface, one...Ch. 8 - Prob. 58PCh. 8 - A missiles trajectory takes it to a maximum...Ch. 8 - Prob. 60PCh. 8 - Mercurys orbital speed varies from 38.8 km/s at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 62PCh. 8 - Two satellites are in geostationary orbit but in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 64PCh. 8 - Prob. 65PCh. 8 - We derived Equation 8.4 on the assumption that the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 67PCh. 8 - As a member of the 2040 Olympic committee, youre...Ch. 8 - The Olympic Committee is keeping you busy! Youre...Ch. 8 - Tidal forces are proportional to the variation in...Ch. 8 - Spacecraft that study the Sun are often placed at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 72PPCh. 8 - Prob. 73PPCh. 8 - Prob. 74PPCh. 8 - The Global Positioning System (GPS) uses a...
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- In 2014, the Rosetta space probe reached the comet Churyumov– Gerasimenko. Although the comet’s core is actually far from spherical, in this problem we’ll model it as a sphere with a mass of 1.0 x 1013 kg and a radius of 1.6 km. If a rock were dropped from a height of 1.0 m above the comet’s surface, how long would it take to hit the surface?arrow_forwardCould I please have some guidance on the steps for this? An undiscovered planet, many light-years from Earth, has one moon, which has a nearly circular periodic orbit. If the distance from the center of the moon to the surface of the planet is 2.450×105 km and the planet has a radius of 3.850×103 km and a mass of 4.90×1022 kg , how long (in days) does it take the moon to make one revolution around the planet? The gravitational constant is 6.67×10−11N·m2/kg2.arrow_forwardThe International Space Station has a mass of 4.12 x 105 kg and is orbiting at an altitude of about 358.0 km above the earth's surface. The mass of the earth is 5.97 × 1024 kg, the radius of the earth is 6.38 × 106 m, and G = 6.67 × 10-11 N ∙ m2/kg2. Assuming a circular orbit, what is the speed of the International Space Station in its orbit?arrow_forward
- At the Earth's surface a projectile is launched straight up at a speed of 10.0 km/s. To what height will it rise?(the radius of earth is 6.37*10^6)arrow_forwardYes or No? Is it possible to have two satellites are in circular orbit around the Earth at the same orbital radius, but with different orbital speeds (in m/s)?arrow_forwardA satellite is traveling around a planet in a circular orbit with radius R. It moves in a constant speed of v = 1.1 × 104 m/s. The mass of the planet is M = 6.04 × 1024 kg. The mass of the satellite is m = 1.2 × 103 kg. a)Enter an expression for the radius R in terms of G, M and v. b)Calculate the value of R in meters. c)Enter an expression for the gravitational potential energy PE in terms of G, M, m, and R.arrow_forward
- A 2.0 x103 kg satellite is in a circular orbit around the earth (m = 5.98 x 1024 kg). The satellite has a speed of 3.6 x 103 m/s at an orbital radius of 3.1 x 107 m. What is the total energy of this orbiting satellite?arrow_forwardAn undiscovered planet, many light-years from Earth, has one moon, which has a nearly circular periodic orbit. If the distance from the center of the moon to the surface of the planet is 2.270 × 105 km and the planet has a radius of 4.200 × 103 km and a mass of 7.75 × 1022 kg, how long (in days) does it take the moon to make one revolution around the planet? The gravitational constant is 6.67 × 10-11(Nm2)/(kg2).arrow_forwardIn this problem you will measure the gravitational constant in a series of “observational experiments,” making use of Newton’s law of gravitation and second law of motion as well as Kepler’s third law of planetary motion Suppose a rocket is launched as described in part (d) with an initial speed of vi = 494 m/s and attains a peak altitude of H = 12.7 km above the surface of Earth. Taking ME = 5.95×1024 kg and Ri = 6.41×106 m, what is the measured value of the gravitational constant, in units of N⋅m2/kg2?arrow_forward
- A satellite is orbiting around a planet in a circular orbit. The radius of the orbit, measured from the center of the planet is R = 1.8 × 107 m. The mass of the planet is M = 4.8 × 1024 kg. a)Express the magnitude of the gravitational force F in terms of M, R, the gravitational constant G, and the mass m of the satellite. b)Express the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration ac of the satellite in terms of the speed of the satellite v, and R. c) Express the speed v in terms of G, M and R.arrow_forwardHaley’s Comet closest approach to the Sun is within 0.570 A.U., and its orbital period is75.6 years.Problem 4.1. What is the semi-major axis of the comet’s orbit?Problem 4.2. How far from the sun will Haley’s comet travel before it starts its returnjourney?arrow_forwardAt what height (in km) above the surface of Earth would the gravitational acceleration be 8.3 m/s^2?arrow_forward
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