A mechanism for the given reaction. Interpretation: A mechanism for the given reaction is to be proposed. Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF 3 .

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 8.16A, Problem 8.38P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: A mechanism for the given reaction.

Interpretation: A mechanism for the given reaction is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene.

Interpretation: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

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Show the first three steps (as far as the tetramer) in the BF3@catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene.

The cationic polymerization of isobutylene (2-methylpropene) is shown in Section 8-16A. Isobutylene is often polymerized under free-radical conditions. Propose a mechanism for the free-radical polymerization of isobutylene.8

4. The following reaction scheme shows the radical polymerization of styrene to make polystyrene. a) Add electron-pushing arrows to show the mechanisms of steps 1-3. Determine if these are initiation, propagation, or termination steps. b) Radical polymerization is often performed in the absence of O2 because the oxygen radical can couple with the polymer radical to terminate polymerization. Propose electron-pushing arrows for step 4 and predict the product of that step.

Answer 2

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Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 8.16A, Problem 8.38P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: A mechanism for the given reaction.

Interpretation: A mechanism for the given reaction is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene.

Interpretation: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 8.16A, Problem 8.38P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: A mechanism for the given reaction.

Interpretation: A mechanism for the given reaction is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene.

Interpretation: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Chemical process in which one or more monomers combine to produce a very large chain-like molecule called a polymer. The functional groups present on the monomers and their steric effects are responsible for polymerization through a sequence of reactions that vary in complexity. There exists a stable covalent chemical bond between monomers that sets apart polymerization from other processes.

Chapter 8.16A, Problem 8.38P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: A mechanism for the given reaction.

Interpretation: A mechanism for the given reaction is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene.

Interpretation: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8.16A, Problem 8.38P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: A mechanism for the given reaction.

Interpretation: A mechanism for the given reaction is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene.

Interpretation: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

Answer 6

Chapter 8.16A, Problem 8.38P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: A mechanism for the given reaction.

Interpretation: A mechanism for the given reaction is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

Answer 7

Chapter 8.16A, Problem 8.38P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: A mechanism for the given reaction.

Interpretation: A mechanism for the given reaction is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene.

Interpretation: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene.

Interpretation: The first three steps in the BF3-catalyzed polymerization of propylene to form polypropylene is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The chain growth polymerization that includes a cation that provides a charge to a monomer unit is known as cationic polymerization. The monomer unit becomes reactive after the transference of a charge from this cationic species. One of the most popular Lewis acid is BF3.

Answer 10

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Answer 13

Ch. 8.3A - Predict the major products of the following...Ch. 8.3A - a. When 1 mole of buta-1,3-diene reacts with 1...Ch. 8.3B - Predict the major products of the following...Ch. 8.3B - Show how you would accomplish the following...Ch. 8.4B - Propose a mechanism to show how...Ch. 8.4B - Predict the products of the following hydration...Ch. 8.6 - a. Propose a mochansm fortho following reaction....Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 8.8P Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 8.9P Ch. 8.7A - Prob. 8.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the chain growth polymerization, which includes a cation, and the reaction of the initiator with the coinitiator to form polypropylene.

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