Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 14TYK
Discuss Concepts Why do you suppose cells evolved internal response mechanisms using molecules that bind GTP instead of ATP?
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For cellular transduction, why is it useful that phosphorylation cascades have a series of protein kinases?
a.
they amplify the original signal
b.
they always lead to the same cellular response
c.
the number of molecules used is small and fixed
d.
they are cell specific
Why is the GTPase activity of G proteins crucial to the proper functioning of a cell? Propose a theory as to why G proteins have not evolved to catalyze GTP hydrolysis more efficiently.
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Also explain the underlying mechanism of this interference
Chapter 9 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 9.1 - What accounts for the specificity of a cellular...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 9.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 3SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 4SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 5SBCh. 9.3 - Prob. 6SBCh. 9.4 - What distinguishes a steroid receptor from a...
Ch. 9.4 - By what means does a specific steroid hormone...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 1SBCh. 9 - In signal transduction, which of the following is...Ch. 9 - Which of the following could not elicit a signal...Ch. 9 - A cell that responds to a signaling molecule is...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 9 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 9 - Which of the following is incorrect about pathways...Ch. 9 - Which of the following would not inhibit signal...Ch. 9 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 9 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 9 - Prob. 10TYKCh. 9 - Discuss Concepts Describe the possible ways in...Ch. 9 - Discuss Concepts Is providing extra insulin an...Ch. 9 - Discuss Concepts There are molecules called GTP...Ch. 9 - Discuss Concepts Why do you suppose cells evolved...Ch. 9 - How would you set up an experiment to determine...Ch. 9 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 9 - Prob. 1ITDCh. 9 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 9 - Prob. 3ITD
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- compare and contrast how GPCRs and RTKs transduce their signal to the cell? include the types of ligands they bind, the GTP binding protein that is activated, and how the signal is transduced and amplified. what effects does it have on the cell?arrow_forwardCite evidence supporting a long evolutionary history for cell signaling molecules.arrow_forwardResearchers use a technique call RNA interference to knock down (i.e. not completely gone) the Bcl-2 gene in the amygdala of lab animals. What cellular response would you expect to occur? Question 1 options: A) An increase in apoptosis; many cells in the area would die B) An increase in axon regrowth after injury C) A decrease in cytochrome c levels released from the mitochondria D) A decrease in glial cell infiltration after injuryarrow_forward
- You are interested in monitoring the movement of a protein kinase called PKB from the cytoplasm to the nucleus during a signaling pathway that is active in brain cells. If you wanted to monitor the changes in the subcellular location of PKB, describe one way you could do that and explain why you think it would provide insights into how PKB changes its subcellular location.arrow_forwardCertain cells inhibit cell division by expressing signaling molecules on their surfaces. These molecules are MOST likely involved in which of these processes? A. anchorage dependence B. apoptosis C. density-dependent inhibition D. transformation I believe the answer is C. Could you please verify?arrow_forwardCertain cells inhibit cell division by expressing signaling molecules on their surfaces. These molecules are MOST likely involved in which of these processes? A. Anchorage dependence B. Apoptosis C. Density- dependent Inhibition D. transformationarrow_forward
- A cell biologist asks you to image a protein of interest tagged with eGFP in a living cell. Describe how you would approach this experiment.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is representative of transduction? A) Binding of ligand to cell surface receptor B) Gene expression C) activation of relay molecules D) Spread of diffusion throughout a cellarrow_forwardA signal transduction pathway leads to the regulation of one or more cellular activities. What does that mean? Explain in your own words step by step (as simpler as possible)arrow_forward
- Use the EGF Pathway passage to answer the questions. Part A Which of these structures, if present in a prokaryote, would prevent the organism from using this type of actin polymerization to chemotax toward a signal? A. cell wall B. flagellum C. mitochondrion D. ribosome Part B In the model proposed, which of these events MOST likely occurs to facilitate chemotaxis? A. Integrins anchor the cell to extracellular components. B. Motor proteins move actin toward the leading edge. C. Mitochondria migrate away from the leading edge. D. Desmosomes anchor the cell to other cells. Part C Based on the researcher’s observations on filamentous actin, what other observation regarding cell chemotaxis was MOST likely observed? A. The cell moved toward the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A. B. The cell moved away from the source of the signaling molecule only after the addition of Compound A.…arrow_forwardExplain why and how cell signaling probably evolved.arrow_forwardVery briefly, explain how a ligand binding to the extracellular receptor region of a GPCR causes a change in biological events inside the cell.arrow_forward
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