Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134256283
Author: Audesirk
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 2AC
Cancer cells divide out of control. Side effects of the cancer treatments chemotherapy and radiation therapy include loss of hair and of the intestinal lining, the latter producing severe nausea. What can you infer about the mechanisms of these treatments? What would you look for in an improved cancer therapy?
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth (11th Edition)
Ch. 9 -
1. A cell that remains capable of dividing...Ch. 9 - The chromosomes of a cell are lined up along the...Ch. 9 -
3. The chromosomes first attach to the spindle...Ch. 9 - How does prokaryotic fission differ from...Ch. 9 -
5. Which of the following is NOT true of mitotic...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1FTBCh. 9 -
2. Prokaryotic cells divide by a process called...Ch. 9 - Growth and development of eukaryotic organisms...Ch. 9 - Eukaryotic cells are often stimulated to divide by...Ch. 9 - The four phases of mitosis are _______, _______,...
Ch. 9 - Prob. 6FTBCh. 9 - Prob. 1RQCh. 9 -
2. Define mitosis and cytokinesis. What changes...Ch. 9 - Diagram the stages of mitosis. How does mitosis...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4RQCh. 9 -
5. Describe and compare the process of...Ch. 9 - How is the cell cycle controlled? Why is it...Ch. 9 - Diagram and describe the prokaryotic cell cycle.Ch. 9 - Most nerve cells in the adult human central...Ch. 9 - Cancer cells divide out of control. Side effects...
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- In your own words, explain metastasis and why this process is important in the prognosis of a patient, and is this an easy and efficient process for cancer cells, why or why not?arrow_forwardCancer, the uncontrolled growth of cells, often results in a tumor, or mass of abnormal cells. Some cancerous tumors consist of many cells that are much smaller than normal. According to Figure 1, what part of the cell cycle is most likely being affected? Explain.arrow_forwardRadiotherapy (treatment with ionizing radiation) is one of the most effective current cancer treatments. It works by damaging DNA and other cellular components. In which ways could radiotherapy control or cure cancer, and why does radiotherapy often have significant side effects?arrow_forward
- Chemotherapy utilizes chemicals to interrupt various parts of the cell cycle, targeting rapidly growing cells. Taxol® is an example of a drug that prevents mitosis phase from occurring. How this Taxol useful as a cancer treatment and how might targeting rapidly growing cells explain common chemotherapy side effects such as hair loss and nausea? A. Taxol will stop the tumor from growing, but unfortunately it also impacts other fast-growing cells (like hair follicles and stomach lining cells), so normal cells get damaged as well. B. Taxol will stop the tumor from continuing to divide, but unfortunately it also impacts other readily dividing cells (like hair follicles and stomach lining cells), so normal cells get damaged as well. C. Taxol will stop the tumor from copying DNA, but unfortunately it also impacts DNA replication in other cells (like hair follicles and stomach lining cells), so normal cells don't get to continue through…arrow_forwardExplain in your own words why cancer is often referred to as a disease of the cell cycle.arrow_forwardMuch remains unknown about the rapid, uncontrolled growth, or what causes a tumor to metastasize. Scientists do know that cancer cells come from normal healthy cells that have had some type of damage done to the genes that aid in the production of the regulatory proteins for the cell cycle. What causes this damage? a proto-oncogenes b mutations c enzymes d tumor suppressorsarrow_forward
- Some types of cancers are treated with surgery, chemotherapy, stem cell replacement or radiation, similar to ultraviolet light. Why might it be beneficial to irradiate cancer cells? Choose the Best answer. A. it kills off all the cancer cells. B. it forces all cancer cells into G0 C. it will halt cell division and possibly be forced into apoptosis D. it could kill off the cancer cells, halt cell division or possibly force the cell into apoptosisarrow_forwardUnlike many other diseases, the vast majority of cancers in humans are not transmissible - meaning a person can’t ‘catch cancer’ from someone else. How does a person get cancer, then? Starting with a normal (non-cancerous) cell, describe a possible sequence of events that could eventually result in metastasized cancer, including the genes, structures or processes involved.arrow_forwardTreatment is often seen as the most important tool for fighting cancer. Do a brief research study on one method of treating cancer in humans. You may discuss 2-3 details about either chemotherapy or radiation therapy, including how it attacks cancer cells and what side effects are experienced by cancer patient receiving this type of treatment.arrow_forward
- Cancer can arise spontaneously, but it can also be induced as a result of environmental factors such as sun exposure, infections, and tobacco smoking. If you were asked to help allocate resources to cancer research, what emphasis would you place on research to find cancer cures, compared to that placed on education about cancer prevention?arrow_forwardExplain why it usually takes more than one mutation to cause cancerarrow_forwardWhat is Cancer Discuss what makes a cell cancerous. Consider the following: Cell Cycle Identical cells Movement of cells Dividing cells Benign and malignant**arrow_forward
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