Much remains unknown about the rapid, uncontrolled growth, or what causes a tumor to metastasize. Scientists do know that cancer cells come from normal healthy cells that have had some type of damage done to the genes that aid in the production of the regulatory proteins for the cell cycle. What causes this damage? a proto-oncogenes b mutations c enzymes d tumor suppressors

Q: p53 is a tumor suppressor gene in human cells. Transcription of this gene leads to the production of…

A: The TP53 sequence provides directions for creating a macromolecule known as tumor macromolecule p53…

Q: D. What is the best term for a normal INK gene? (tumor suppressor) (inactive tumor suppressor)…

A: Tumor-suppressor genes are those genes which do not allow the cell to grow rapidly and in an…

Q: axol® is an example of a drug that prevents mitosis phase from occurring. How this Taxol useful as a…

A: Taxol is one of the most commonly used and effective chemotherapy drugs for cancer. One of the main…

Q: ___________ are changes to the order of nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein. a.…

A: Nucleotide is the basic building block of nucleic acids. RNA and DNA are long chains of nucleotides.…

Q: These genes are involved in normal cell growth and division, but if mutated, could become more…

A: Oncogenes are tumour-causing genes. They are mutated and abnormal that leading to uncontrolled cell…

Q: Put a checkmark next to any of the following scenarios that would make it MORE likely that a cell…

A: Need to find all the options that produce uncontrollable cell division  and to increase chance of…

Q: The Bax gene, codes for a cytosolic protein that plays an important role in apoptosis. Growth factor…

A: Bax gene Bcl-2-associated X protein which is pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 gene family. Cell…

Q: What is the difference between an oncogene and a tumor-suppressor gene? Give some examples of the…

A: Cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell survival are under the control of some critical…

Q: Characterize the differences between tumor cells and normal cells in terms of the following…

A: A. The normal cell shows contact inhibition that means when two cells get contact then the growth…

Q: Cancer causing genes are called ________. a. transformation genes b. tumor suppressor genes c.…

A: Cancer is a fast growing chronic disorder nowadays. It is caused due to lack of or absence of…

Q: P53 is a tumor suppressors protein.   The protein is present in the cell at all times but is…

A: Answer) E It would spread to all parts of the body. p53 gene act as a tumor suppressor gene and get…

Q: Describe the molecular mechanisms involved in P53’s role as a tumor repressor protein.

A: The TP53 gene provides instructions for making a protein called tumor protein p53 (or p53). This…

Q: Although tobacco smoking is responsible for a large number of human cancers, not all smokers develop…

A: Cancer refers to the uncontrolled cell division caused by the mutations in the genes which control…

Q: Which of the following is NOT an example of a fail-safe mechanism that prevents the irregular cell…

A: Uncontrolled cell division results in the development of a tumor or cancer. There are many factors…

Q: Proteins/peptides exclusively expressed by tumor cells are termed as                  a. tumor…

A: Cancers are caused by mutations in the gene sequence of the tumor suppressor gene or protooncogene…

Q: BAX proteins stimulate apoptosis. Mutations in BAX genes can help developing cancers but not…

A: BAX is more widely expressed in tissues and is involved in the cell death regulation both in…

Q: Cancer is caused by many different types of gene mutations. Some mutations are in proto-oncogenes,…

A: Cells split into new cells so that the body uses them and cancer starts with this wonderful…

Q: A Patients with an inherited cancer have a mutation in a zinc-finger motif of P21 (a cell-cycle…

A: Each organism's DNA sequence is unique. Its base-pair sequence might vary from time to time. It is…

Q: Gas pedal that works normally and helps the cell to divide can be compare to what kind of gene? Is…

A: (1) The above-mentioned explanation is true for the protooncogenes. Proto-oncogenes are known to…

Q: Suppose Nicole recently learned that she inherited a mutant BRCA1 allele from her mother, who had…

A: BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor gene usually expressed in breast cells. It is responsible for repairing…

Q: f cancers are treated with surgery, chemotherapy, stem cell replacement or radiation, similar to…

A: Cancer cells  can be defined as the cells that mostly  divide continuously  and forming the solid…

Q: The p53 gene is a tumor-suppressor gene while Ras is a proto-oncogene. Mutation in either one can…

A: Tumor suppressor genes are the genes that are involved in various checkpoints in the cell cycle,…

Q: Why would a mutation in BRCA1 be considered a driver mutation?  b. Based on what you’ve learned…

A: In this question, we  have to answer 'BRCA gene consider as driver mutation and ATM consider as a…

Q: p53 is a tumor suppressor gene in human cells. Transcription of this gene leads to the production of…

A: p53 protein is encoded by the gene TP53, which is the tumor suppressor gene. Now we know that…

Q: Which of the following statements about cancer is false? (a) oncogenes arise from mutations in…

A: Proto Oncogenes are the genes that cause cancer when there are alterations in them. Several factors…

Q: Which one of the following events is unlikely to beassociated with cancer?a. mutation of a cellular…

A: Cancer is basically the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal or mutated cells in the body. It is…

Q: The p53 gene is a tumor-suppressor gene while p634  gene is an oncogene. Mutation in either one can…

A: Cancer is a disease in which some of the body’s cells grow uncontrollably and spread to other parts…

Q: BAX proteins stimulate apoptosis.

A: A natural genetically programmed cell death called apoptosis occurs when an ageing cell reaches the…

Q: Tumor suppressor proteins can assist in slowing down the cell cycle under appropriate conditions. In…

A: Mutation can be classified in many ways - like point mutations are substitutions, frameshift…

Q: Cells in a tumor contain mutated copies of a particular gene that promotes tumor growth. Gene…

A: An oncogene helps in control cell division and  contributes to cancer progression whereas a tumor…

Q: Which of the following chromosomal changes would be LEAST likely to cause the development of cancer?…

A: Cancer is a condition where cells in a specific part of the body grow and reproduce uncontrollably.…

Q: A researcher is studying the effects of a novel cancer drug on cell division and comparing the new…

A: Mitotic index It is defined as the ratio of the total number of cells of a specific population that…

Q: Part A. Gene Q's normal function is to cause apoptosis (cell death) for cells that have chromosome…

A: Cancer in simple term can be referred to a set of diseases which are caused by the production of an…

Q: A tumor suppressor gene (TSG) codes for a protein that is part of the system that regulates cell…

A: Normal genes that halt cell division or fix DNA errors are known as tumor suppressor genes. Such…

Q: Genetic tests that detect mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumor-suppressor genes are widely…

A: Answer: Introduction: The genes like the breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer 2 (BRCA2) genes…

Q: Tumor-suppressor genes promote cancer whena. they are overexpressed.b. they are expressed in the…

A: Cancer is a disorder in which abnormal cells divide irrepressibly and destroy the tissues of the…

Q: Sometimes, malignant cells do not stay properly anchored in tissues because of the loss of function…

A: Malignancy It refers to the presence of cancerous cells that have the ability to spread to other…

Q: Tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes are implicated in carcinogenesis. However, one can predict…

A: Oncogene is a gene that is responsible for the formation of cancer cells in the body. Mostly the…

Q: Part A and B A. What are the Hallmarks of Cancer? A) Criteria that are used to identify tumors in…

A: The hallmarks of cancer are the biological capabilities that are required during the development of…

Q: The protein that ensures the fidelity of DNA replication is the a. tumor repressor P53 protein. b.…

A: The capacity of polymerase to prevent or rectify mistakes in the newly synthesized DNA strand is…

Q: P53 is a tumor suppressor protein.   The protein is present in the cell at all times but is…

A: Given information: P53 is a tumor suppressor protein.   The protein is present in the cell at all…

Q: A. What below would be likely to lead to cancer development? A) Overexpression of a cell cycle…

A: Overexpression of RTK (Receptor Tyrosine Kinase) leads to the increased local concentration of the…

Q: RCA1 is a tumor suppressor gene. BRCA1* is the symbol for the non-mutant or wild-type form of the…

A: BRCA1 mutations are also linked to a higher risk of triple-negative breast cancer, which is a very…

Q: p53 Iis an impórtant tumor suppressor gene that is activated in response to a variety of stress…

A: The huge diversity in the genes implicated in tumorigenesis, the p53 transcription factor (encoded…

Q: Describe how the tumor-suppressor genes Rb, p53 and p21 regulate the cell cycle.

A: Tumor suppressor gene  These gene controls the activity of cell division cycles. They decide whether…

Q: Match each definition with the corresponding term concerning genes involved in tumor formation.…

A: Cancer is a very complex molecular disease that occurs due to the uncontrolled cell division.…

Q: The diagram shows the relative activity of a proto-oncogene and a tumor supressor gene in a normal…

A: Proto oncogene: The gene that is important for normal cell growth. Mutations in these proto…

Q: Please explain the relationship between proto-oncogenes and the cell cycle. Then describe three…

A: The cell cycle has several checkpoints which regulate the various stages of cell cycle. There are…

Q: A gene that codes for a positive cell-cycle regulator is called a(n) _____. a. kinase inhibitor. b.…

A: The cell cycle is responsible for the continuity of life from one cell to the next since it…