(a)
Interpretation:
The table is to be completed according to the balanced chemical equation.
Concept introduction:
Answer to Problem 58E
The table is completed as shown below.
Experiment
(a) before reaction:
after reaction:
Explanation of Solution
The table to be completed is given below.
Experiment
(a) before reaction:
after reaction:
The balanced equation is given below.
In the reaction,
Therefore, the mole ratio is given below.
The mole ratio to obtain moles of
The formula to calculate the moles of
The moles of
Substitute the value of moles of
In the reaction,
Therefore, the mole ratio is given below.
The mole ratio to obtain moles of
The formula to calculate the moles of
The moles of
Substitute the value of moles of
Since,
After the reaction, the moles of
The moles of
The table is therefore completed as shown below.
Experiment
(a) before reaction:
after reaction:
The table is completed has been rightfully completed.
(b)
Interpretation:
The table is to be completed according to the balanced chemical equation.
Concept introduction:
Chemical reactions are represented by chemical equations. In a chemical equation the reactants are represented on the left of the arrow while the products are represented on the right of the arrow. Stoichiometric coefficient is the number preceding each symbol in a reaction which determines the moles of the reactants and products in the reaction. The ratio of moles is termed as mole ratio. In stoichiometry problems, the reactant that controls the amount of the product formed is known as the limiting reactant.
Answer to Problem 58E
The table is completed as shown below.
Experiment
(b) before reaction:
after reaction:
Explanation of Solution
The table to be completed is given below.
Experiment
(b) before reaction:
after reaction:
The balanced equation is given below.
In the reaction,
Therefore, the mole ratio is given below.
The mole ratio to obtain moles of
The formula to calculate the moles of
The moles of
Substitute the value of moles of
In the reaction,
Therefore, the mole ratio is given below.
The mole ratio to obtain moles of
The formula to calculate the moles of
The moles of
Substitute the value of moles of
Since, both
The table is therefore completed as shown below.
Experiment
(b) before reaction:
after reaction:
The table is completed has been rightfully completed.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 9 Solutions
Modified Mastering Chemistry with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for Introductory Chemistry: Concepts and Critical Thinking (8th Edition)
- The equation for the oxidation of phosphorus in air is P4(s) + 5 O2(g) P4O10(s). Identify the reactants and products and the stoichiometric coefficients. To what do the designations s and g refer?arrow_forwardChlorine dioxide, ClO2, is a reddish yellow gas used in bleaching paper pulp. The average speed of a ClO2 molecule at 25C is 306 m/s. What is the kinetic energy (in joules) of a ClO2 molecule moving at this speed?arrow_forwardThe carbon dioxide exhaled in the breath of astronauts is often removed from the spacecraft by reaction with lithium hydroxide 2LiOH(s)+CO2(g)Li2CO3(s)+H2O(l) Estimate the grams of lithium hydroxide required per astronaut per day. Assume that each astronaut requires 2.50 103 kcal of energy per day. Further assume that this energy can be equated to the heat of combustion of a quantity of glucose, C6H12O6, to CO2(g) and H2O(l). From the amount of glucose required to give 2.50 103 kcal of heat, calculate the amount of CO2 produced and hence the amount of LiOH required. The H for glucose(s) is 1273 kJ/mol.arrow_forward
- The reusable booster rockets of the space shuttle use a mixture of aluminum and ammonium perchlorate as fuel. A possible reaction is 3Al(s)+3NH4ClO4(s)Al2O3(s)+AlCl3(s)+3NO(g)+6H2O(g) Calculate H for this reactionarrow_forwardA rebreathing gas mask contains potassium superoxide, KO2, which reacts with moisture in the breath to give oxygen. 4KO2(s)+2H2O(l)4KOH(s)+3O2(g) Estimate the grams of potassium superoxide required to supply a persons oxygen needs for one hour. Assume a person requires 1.00 102 kcal of energy for this time period. Further assume that this energy can be equated to the heat of combustion of a quantity of glucose, C6H12O6, to CO2(g) and H2O(l). From the amount of glucose required to give 1.00 102 kcal of heat, calculate the amount of oxygen consumed and hence the amount of KO2 required. The ff0 for glucose(s) is 1273 kJ/mol.arrow_forwardWhen lightning strikes, the energy can force atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen to react to make NO: N2(g)+O2(g)2NO(g)H=+181.8kJ (a) Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic? (b) What quantities of reactants and products are assumed if H = +181.8 kJ? (c) What is the enthalpy change when 3.50 g nitrogen is reacted with excess O2(g)?arrow_forward
- When one mole of ethylene gas, C2H4, reacts with fluorine gas, hydrogen fluoride and carbon tetrafluoride gases are formed and 2496.7 kJ of heat are given off. What is Hf for CF4(g)?arrow_forwardConsider the two space shuttle fuel reactions in Exercises 81 and 82. Which reaction produces more energy per kilogram of reactant mixture (stoichiometric amounts)? 81. The reusable booster rockets of the space shuttle use a mixture of aluminum and ammonium perchlorate as fuel. A possible reaction is 3Al(s)+3NH4ClO4(s)Al2O3(s)+AlCl3(s)+3NO(g)+6H2O(g) Calculate H for this reaction 82. The space shuttle Orbiter utilizes the oxidation of methylhydrazine by dinitrogen tetroxide for propulsion: 4N2H3CH3(l)+5N2O4(l)12H2O(g)+9N2(g)+4CO2(g) Calculate H for this reactionarrow_forwardEthanol, C2H5OH, is a gasoline additive that can be produced by fermentation of glucose. C6H12O62C2H5OH+2CO2 (a) Calculate the mass (g) of ethanol produced by the fermentation of 1.000 lb glucose. (b) Gasohol is a mixture of 10.00 mL ethanol per 90.00 mL gasoline. Calculate the mass (in g) of glucose required to produce the ethanol in 1.00 gal gasohol. Density of ethanol = 0.785 g/mL. (c) By 2022, the U. S. Energy Independence and Security Act calls for annual production of 3.6 1010 gal of ethanol, no more than 40% of it produced by fermentation of corn. Fermentation of 1 ton (2.2 103 lb) of corn yields approximately 106 gal of ethanol. The average corn yield in the United States is about 2.1 105 lb per 1.0 105 m2. Calculate the acreage (in m2) required to raise corn solely for ethanol production in 2022 in the United States.arrow_forward
- Water gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is produced by treating carbon (in the form of coke or coal) with steam at high temperatures. (See Study Question 83.) C(s) + H2O(g) CO(g) + H2(g) Not all of the carbon available is converted to water gas since some is burned to provide the heat for the endothermic reaction of carbon and water. What mass of carbon must be burned (to CO2 gas) to provide the energy to convert 1.00 kg of carbon to water gas?arrow_forward4.60 Why are fuel additives used?arrow_forwardGiven the following data Fe2O3(s)+3CO(g)2Fe(s)+3CO2(g)H=23KJ3Fe2O3(s)+CO(g)2Fe3O4(s)+CO2(g)H=39KJFe3O4(s)+CO(g)3FeO(s)+CO2(g)H=18KJ Calculate H for this reaction FeO(s)+CO(g)Fe(s)+CO2(g)arrow_forward
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning