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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Whether the given reaction favors reactants or products at equilibrium is to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
The replacement or substitution of one
(b)
Interpretation:
Whether the given reaction favors reactants or products at equilibrium is to be predicted Concept introduction:
The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. In nucleophilic substitution reaction, nucleophile takes the position of leaving group by attacking on the electron deficient carbon atom.
(c)
Interpretation:
Whether the given reaction favors reactants or products at equilibrium is to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
The replacement or substitution of one functional group with another different functional group in any chemical reaction is termed as substitution reaction. In nucleophilic substitution reaction, nucleophile takes the position of leaving group by attacking on the electron deficient carbon atom.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- COHSOH(ag) + H2On + CeHsO (aq) + H3O*(a9) Ka= 1.12 x 10-10 (a) Phenol is a weak acid that partially dissociates in water according to the equation above. Write the equilibrium-constant expression for the dissociation of the acid in water. (b) What is the pH of a 0.75 M CaHsOH(ag) solution? (C) For a certain reaction involving CaHsOH(ag) to proceed at a significant rate, the phenol must be primarily in its deprotonated form, C3H5O (eg). In order to ensure that the CsHsOH(aq) is deprotonated, the reaction must be conducted in a buffered solution. On the number scale below, circle each pH for which more than 50 percent of the phenol molecules are in the deprotonated form (CoHsO (aq). Justify your answer. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Justification: (d) CeHsOH(ag) reacts with NaOH(ag). Write a net ionic equation representing this reaction (aka: invasion equation). (e) What is the pH of the resulting solution when 30 mL of 0.40 M CSH5OH(aq) is added to 25 mL of 0.60 M NAOH. Show all work…arrow_forwardConsider two acids: HCO2H (formic acid, pKa = 3.8) and pivalic acid [(CH3)3CCO,H, pK = 5.0]. (a) Which acid has the larger K? (b) Which acid is the stronger acid? (c) Which acid forms the stronger conjugate base? (d) When each acid is dissolved in water, for which acid does the equilibrium lie further to the right? %3D The pKa values in Table 2.1 span a large range (-7 to 50). The pK, scale is logarithmic. small difference in pK, translates into a large numerical difference, For example, the diffe between the pK, of NH3 (38) and CH2=CH, (44) is six pKa units. This means that NH, is one million times more acidic than CH,=CH,.arrow_forwardConsider the following chemical reaction at equilibrium: NH₃(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ NH₄⁺(aq) + HO⁻(aq) If one drop of aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is added, in which direction will the equilibrium shift? A) reactants B) products C) neither the reactants nor the productsarrow_forward
- Consider the following acidic equilibrium: H₂CO₃(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ HCO₃⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq). If you add NaHCO₃ to this solution, which of the following will occur? A) The reaction quotient will decrease. B) The reaction will shift in the reverse direction. C) The equilibrium constant will increase. D) No changes to the equilibrium positions will take place.arrow_forwardThe value of Ka for phenol (a weak acid) , C6H5OH , is 1.00×10-10 .Write the equation for the reaction that goes with this equilibrium constant. (Use H3O+ instead of H+.)arrow_forwardFill in the left side of this equilibrium constant equation for the reaction of diethylmethylamine (C3H13N), a weak base, with water. D= K, oloarrow_forward
- How (which direction: right or left) will the equilibrium shift if Cl3 is added? Why will it shift in that direction? PCl5 (g) + heat ⇌ PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g)arrow_forwardIf the G for a reaction is 4.5 kcal/mol at 298 K, what is the Keq for this reaction? What is the change in entropy of this reaction if H = 3.2 kcal/mol?arrow_forwardConsider the following reactions. 2CH4 (g) ⇌ C2H6 (g) + H2 (g) Kc = 9.5x10–13 CH4 (g) + H2O (g) ⇌ CH3OH (g) + H2 (g) Kc = 2.8x10–21 Calculate the equilibrium constant, Kc value for the following reaction. 2CH3OH (g) + H2 (g) ⇌ C2H6(g) + 2H2O (g)arrow_forward
- (a) Ionic Solids do not dissolve in non-polar solvents. (TRUE OR FALSE) (b) H3AsO4 is a weak acid. (TRUE OR FALSE) (c) Once a chemical reaction has come to equilibrium, the reaction comes to a complete halt.(TRUE OR FALSE)arrow_forward(i) What is the Arrhenius definition of an acid, give an example Why is NH3 considered a base according to Bronsted-Lowry theory?arrow_forwardPredict whether aqueous solutions of the following substances are acidic, basic, or neutral and write hydrolysis equations for the acidic and basic solutions. (a) CsBr; (b) Al(NO3)3; (c) KCN; (d) CH3NH3Clarrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
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