An object falls in air down a long vertical chute. The speed of the object is constant at 3 m/s. The flow pattern around the object is shown. The static pressure is uniform across sections ① and ②; pressure is atmospheric at section ①. The effective flow area at section ② is 20 percent of the chute area. Frictional effects between sections ① and ② are negligible. Evaluate the flow speed relative to the object at section ②. Calculate the static pressure at section ②. Determine the mass of the object.
An object falls in air down a long vertical chute. The speed of the object is constant at 3 m/s. The flow pattern around the object is shown. The static pressure is uniform across sections ① and ②; pressure is atmospheric at section ①. The effective flow area at section ② is 20 percent of the chute area. Frictional effects between sections ① and ② are negligible. Evaluate the flow speed relative to the object at section ②. Calculate the static pressure at section ②. Determine the mass of the object.
An object falls in air down a long vertical chute. The speed of the object is constant at 3 m/s. The flow pattern around the object is shown. The static pressure is uniform across sections ① and ②; pressure is atmospheric at section ①. The effective flow area at section ② is 20 percent of the chute area. Frictional effects between sections ① and ② are negligible. Evaluate the flow speed relative to the object at section ②. Calculate the static pressure at section ②. Determine the mass of the object.
A) What is an adverse pressure gradient, and where does it occur on an airfoil (Show that onan airfoil using a free hand sketch)?B) What causes the flow to separate from an airfoil?C) What are the two major consequences of flow separation?D) A B-2A aircraft is flying at H ft in standard day conditions at a velocity V kn. If the meanchord length is C ft.i- Find the overall or total Reynolds number for the aircraft.ii- Find the percentage of the wing chord where laminar flow is present, if Reynoldsnumber is 500,000.
The purpose of this problem is to give you a feel for the magnitude ofReynolds number appropriate to real airplanes in actual flight.
a. Consider the DC-3 shown in (1.1). The wing root chord length(distance from the front to the back of the wing where the wing joinsthe fuselage) is 14.25 ft. Consider the DC-3 flying at 200 miles perhour at sea level. Calculate the Reynolds number for the flow over thewing root chord. (This is an important number, because as we will seelater, it governs the skin-friction drag over that portion of the wing.)b. Consider the F-22 shown in (1.5), and also gracing the cover ofthis book. The chord length where the wing joins the center body is21.5 ft. Consider the airplane making a high-speed pass at a velocityof 1320 ft/s at sea level (Mach 1.2). Calculate the Reynolds number atthe wing root.
Air flows through the test section of a small wind tunnel at speed V = 7.5 ft/s. The temperature of the air is 80°F, and the length of the wind tunnel test section is 1.5 ft. Assume that the boundary layer thickness is negligible prior to the start of the test section. Is the boundary layer along the test section wall laminar or turbulent or transitional?From
above problem.assume the flow remains laminar, and estimate the boundary layer thickness, the displacement thickness, and the momentum thickness of the boundary layer at the end of the test section. Give your answers in inches, compare the three results, and discuss. .
Chapter 9 Solutions
Fox and McDonald's Introduction to Fluid Mechanics
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