Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134555430
Author: Colleen Belk, Virginia Borden Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 9LTB
Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates the components in the PCR reaction.
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Run a barcoding protocol with rbcL gene-specific primers. Use 30 cycles for your PCR amplification profile. Complete the table below for your PCR cocktail.
Draw one cycle of PCR reaction below the following diagram
Look at each PCR component listed below. For each one, determine which steps(s) of the PCR reaction (denaturation, annealing or extension) would be directly affect if that component were missing.
Taq polymerase:
Oligonucleotide primers:
DNA template:
Deoxynucleotides (A, T, G and C):
Imagine that you correctly prepare your PCR reaction mixture, but there is something wrong with the thermal cycler. Describe what would happen if:
The thermal cycler was stuck on 940C:
The thermal cycler cycled between 600C and 720C, but never reached 940C
The thermal cycler cycled between 940C and 720C, but never reached 600
Chapter 9 Solutions
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (6th Edition) (Belk, Border & Maier, The Biology: Science for Life Series, 5th Edition)
Ch. 9 - Is a round yellow pea seed (genotype Rr Y y) an...Ch. 9 - What factors cause quantitative variation in a...Ch. 9 - The DNA profile below is from a mother, a father,...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4LTBCh. 9 - Prob. 5LTBCh. 9 - Prob. 6LTBCh. 9 - Prob. 7LTBCh. 9 - Prob. 8LTBCh. 9 - Add labels to the figure that follows, which...Ch. 9 - Prob. 10LTB
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Which of the following best describes the process of DNA sequencing? a. DNA is separated on a gel, and the different bands are labeled with fluorescent nucleotides and scanned with a laser. b. A laser is used to fluorescently label the nucleotides present within the DNA, the DNA is run on a gel, and then the DNA is broken into fragments. c. Nucleotides are scanned with a laser and incorporated into the DNA that has been separated on a gel, and then the DNA is amplified with PCR. d. Fragments of DNA are produced in a reaction that labels them with any of four different fluorescent dyes, and the fragments then are run on a gel and scanned with a laser. e. DNA is broken down into its constituent nucleotides, and the nucleotides are then run on a gel and purified with a laser.arrow_forwardThis is what the LAB FLOW would look like: CULTURE BACTERIA EXTRACT RNA RANDOM HEXAMER REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION OF RNA PCR OF lacZ GENE ELECTROPHORESIS If you wanted to prepare only one PCR reaction, how much of each reagent would you add to the PCR tube? What would be the final primer concentration if 0.5 μl of 10 μM primers were added to a PCR reaction with a final volume of 20 μl?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between PCR and real time PCR? and What happens during PCR? Write in detail.arrow_forward
- Explain why a positive control and negative control are included in PCR experiments. Explain the three steps involved in each cycle of polymerase chain reaction.Why is loading dye added to the DNA sample for gel electrophoresis? Explain the function of the following components in a PCR reaction:− Primer, dNTP, MgCl, Taq polymerase, buffer.arrow_forwardIn pcr: How do you know if it works? If you have more than one band in a lane, why what would be the reason?arrow_forwardYou want to set up 50 µl total volume of a PCR reaction. You have a microfuge tube of Taq polymerase (5 units/ul), and each PCR reaction requires a final of 10 units of Taq polymerase. You have a microfuge tube of Taq Buffer (5X), and each PCR reaction requires a final of 1X Taq Buffer. How much of Taq polymerase and Taq buffer would you add? Select all that apply 10 ul of Taq buffer 2 ul of Taq polymerase 5 ul of Taq buffer 5 ul of Taq polymerasearrow_forward
- After running a qPCR experiment, we will have graphs showing the amount of fluorescence detected by the digital camera compared to the number of PCR cycles run. Suppose you see the following graph output by the qPCR machine: Relative Fluoresence 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Cycles Which curve (blue, red, or green) represents a sample with the smallest amount of mRNA present? Why? Be sure to discuss Ct values in your answer.arrow_forwardBelow are several problems frequently faced by researchers when running the PCR. Give one (1) solution to each problem stated. 1. No PCR product 2. Multiple bands appeared after gel electrophoresis (you are amplifying just 1 gene) 3. Bright thick bands at the end of the agarose gel after electrophoresis 4. Bands appeared at the negative controlarrow_forwardYou want to set up 50 µl total volume of a PCR reaction. You have a microfuge tube of Forward primer (25 µM), and each PCR reaction requires a final of 1 uM of primer. You have a microfuge tube of Reverse primer (25 µM), and each PCR reaction requires a final of 1 µM of primer. How much of the primers would you add? Select all that apply 2 ul of Reverse primer 2 ul of Forward primer 5 ul of Forward primer 5 ul of Reverse primerarrow_forward
- The process of PCR essentially revolves around three phases. Briefly describe these phases and the events that occur in them. Take note the temperature on which these phases take place.arrow_forwardThere are many types of PCR techniques available nowadays. Explain the concept of nested PCR and real-time PCR.arrow_forwardBelow is the result of PCR products running on agarose gel electrophoresis. You expect to see one band, but the results show two bands, as shown below. Why is there a lower band? What are they? How can we avoid such a band?arrow_forward
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