Discrete Mathematics with Graph Theory (Classic Version) (3rd Edition) (Pearson Modern Classics for Advanced Mathematics Series)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134689555
Author: Edgar Goodaire, Michael Parmenter
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9.3, Problem 6TFQ
(Answers can be found in the back of the book.)
If graphs
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Let n = 7, let p = 23 and let S be the set of least positive residues mod p of the first (p − 1)/2
multiple of n, i.e.
n mod p, 2n mod p, ...,
p-1
2
-n mod p.
Let T be the subset of S consisting of those residues which exceed p/2.
Find the set T, and hence compute the Legendre symbol (7|23).
23
32
how come?
The first 11 multiples of 7 reduced mod 23 are
7, 14, 21, 5, 12, 19, 3, 10, 17, 1, 8.
The set T is the subset of these residues exceeding
So T = {12, 14, 17, 19, 21}.
By Gauss' lemma (Apostol Theorem 9.6),
(7|23) = (−1)|T| = (−1)5 = −1.
Let n = 7, let p = 23 and let S be the set of least positive residues mod p of the first (p-1)/2
multiple of n, i.e.
n mod p, 2n mod p, ...,
2
p-1
-n mod p.
Let T be the subset of S consisting of those residues which exceed p/2.
Find the set T, and hence compute the Legendre symbol (7|23).
The first 11 multiples of 7 reduced mod 23 are
7, 14, 21, 5, 12, 19, 3, 10, 17, 1, 8.
23
The set T is the subset of these residues exceeding
2°
So T = {12, 14, 17, 19, 21}.
By Gauss' lemma (Apostol Theorem 9.6),
(7|23) = (−1)|T| = (−1)5 = −1.
how come?
Shading a Venn diagram with 3 sets: Unions, intersections, and...
The Venn diagram shows sets A, B, C, and the universal set U.
Shade (CUA)' n B on the Venn diagram.
U
Explanation
Check
A-
B
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Discrete Mathematics with Graph Theory (Classic Version) (3rd Edition) (Pearson Modern Classics for Advanced Mathematics Series)
Ch. 9.1 - (Answers can be found in the back of the book.)
1....Ch. 9.1 - (Answers can be found in the back of the book.)
2....Ch. 9.1 - (Answers can be found in the back of the book.)...Ch. 9.1 - (Answers can be found in the back of the book.)...Ch. 9.1 - (Answers can be found in the back of the book.)
5....Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 6TFQCh. 9.1 - Prob. 7TFQCh. 9.1 - Prob. 8TFQCh. 9.1 - Prob. 9TFQCh. 9.1 - Prob. 10TFQ
Ch. 9.1 - 1. [BB](Fictitious) A recently discovered map of...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.1 - 3. One of the owners of the houses in the Three...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.1 - You and a friend meet three other couples at a...Ch. 9.1 - 8. (a) A graph has six vertices, every two of...Ch. 9.1 - [BB] A graph has six vertices, every two of which...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 1TFQCh. 9.2 - Prob. 2TFQCh. 9.2 - Prob. 3TFQCh. 9.2 - (Answers can be found in the back of the book.) is...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 5TFQCh. 9.2 - Prob. 6TFQCh. 9.2 - Prob. 7TFQCh. 9.2 - Prob. 8TFQCh. 9.2 - Prob. 9TFQCh. 9.2 - Prob. 10TFQCh. 9.2 - Prob. 1ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.2 - Draw a graph with 64 vertices representing the...Ch. 9.2 - Consider again the graph accompanying Exercise 5...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.2 - 13. [BB] At most social functions, there is a lot...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.2 - 15. [BB;(a)] for each pair of graphs shown,...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 9.2 - For each of the following sequences, determine if...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 9.2 - [BB] A graph has five vertices of degree 4 and two...Ch. 9.2 - Determine whether each of the graphs in Fig 9.23...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 9.2 - 24. [BB](requires calculus) Prove that the number...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 25ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 26ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 28ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 29ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 30ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 31ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 32ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 33ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 34ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 35ECh. 9.3 - (Answers can be found in the back of the book.) It...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 2TFQCh. 9.3 - Prob. 3TFQCh. 9.3 - Prob. 4TFQCh. 9.3 - Prob. 5TFQCh. 9.3 - (Answers can be found in the back of the book.)
6....Ch. 9.3 - (Answers can be found in the back of the book.) If...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 8TFQCh. 9.3 - Prob. 9TFQCh. 9.3 - Prob. 10TFQCh. 9.3 - [BB] For each of the ten pairs of graphs that can...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.3 - [BB] Draw all nonisomorphic graphs on n =3...Ch. 9.3 - [BB;(b)] for each pair of grpahs shown. If the...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.3 - [BB] Prove that two graphs that are isomorphic...Ch. 9.3 - Consider the following three graphs. [BB] How many...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 9 - 1. In the Konigsberg Bridge Problem, a tragic fire...Ch. 9 - 2. (a) Draw a configuration of four houses and two...Ch. 9 - 3. Find the solutions, where possible, for the...Ch. 9 - Draw a graph with six vertices at least three of...Ch. 9 - For each of the following sequences, determine if...Ch. 9 - 6. (a) Does there exist a graph with degree...Ch. 9 - Determine whether or not each of the following...Ch. 9 - Answer these questions for each sequence: Does...Ch. 9 - Find a necessary and sufficient condition for the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 10RECh. 9 - Suppose a graph has 49 vertices, each of degree 4...Ch. 9 - Prob. 12RECh. 9 - A graph G has 50 edges, four vertices of degree 2,...Ch. 9 - Prob. 14RECh. 9 - For each pair of graphs shown in fig 9.30 If the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 16RECh. 9 - 17. For each of the following cases, explain why...Ch. 9 - George is examining three graphs G1, G2, G3. He...Ch. 9 - Answer Exercise 18 again, assuming that Georges...Ch. 9 - Prob. 20RE
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