Interpretation: The theory thatexplains the paramagnetism of
Concept introduction:
Lewis structures are two dimensional structures showing the lone pairs and bond pairs present in a molecule.
The VSEPR model helps in predicting the shape of molecules on the basis of their Lewis structures.
The
The concept of hybridization of atomic orbitals explains the observed bond angles and geometry of a molecule. The concept of hybrid orbitals explains the formation of required number of orbitals with unpaired electron that can participate in the bond formation.
Molecular orbital theory helps in predicting the magnetic properties of molecules. Paramagnetic substances contain unpaired electrons while diamagnetic substances contain paired electrons.
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- Determine the bond order of each member of the following groups, and determine which member of each group is predicted by the molecular orbital model to have the strongest bond. (a) H2,H2+,H2 (b) O2,O22+,O22 (c) Li2,Be2+,Be2 (d) F2,F2+,F2 (e) N2,N2+,N2arrow_forward7.59 What type of hybrid orbital is generated by combining the valence s orbital and all three valence p orbitals of an atom? How many hybrid orbitals result?arrow_forwardConsider acetyl salicylic acid, better known as aspirin. Its structure is (a) How many sigma and pi bonds are there in aspirin? (b) What are the approximate values of the angles marked (in blue) A, B, and C? (c) What is the hybridization of each atom marked (in red) 1, 2, and 3?arrow_forward
- The organic compound below is a member of a class known as oximes. (a) What are the hybridizations of the two C atoms and of the N atom? (b) What is the approximate CNO angle?arrow_forwardWhich of the following molecules or ions are para-magnetic? What is the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) in each one? Assume the molecular orbital diagram in Figure 9.16 applies to all of them. (a) NO (b) OF (c) O22 (d) Ne2+arrow_forwardPelargondin is the molecule responsible for the red color of the geranium flower. It also contributes to the color of ripe strawberries and raspberries. The structure of pelargondin is: How many and bonds exist in pelargondin? What is the hybridization of the carbon atoms marked 14?arrow_forward
- True or false: Boron contains 2s22p1 valence electrons, so only one p orbital is needed to form molecular orbitals.arrow_forwardMolecular Orbital Theory (See Examples 9.49.6.) The hydrogen molecular ion, H2+, can be detected spectroscopically. Write the electron configuration of the ion in molecular orbital terms. What is the bond order of the ion? Is the hydrogenhydrogen bond stronger or weaker in H2+ than in H2s?arrow_forwardAllene (1,2-propadicne), a gas, has the following structure: What is the hybridization at each carbon atom? What is the geometry about each carbon atom? Using valencebond theory, describe the bonding about the center carbon atom. 1,3-dichloroallene is a derivative of allene with the following structure: Is this a polar molecule? (If you have difficulty visualizing the structure of this molecule, you might build a molecular model of it.)arrow_forward
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