Chapter U1.10, Problem 6E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The elements whichare non-metals are to be selected.

Concept introduction:

The periodic table is a well arranged chart of elements. The elements are arranged in groups and periods based on the similarities in their physical and chemical properties. Modern periodic table is a storehouse of information about the elements. The18 vertical columns are called groups and 7 horizontal rows are called periods.

Answer to Problem 6E

Correct answer:

a. bromine

b. carbon

e. phosphorus

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct option:

In the periodic table, most of the elements are metals. The periodic table is divided into metals, non-metals and metalloids. There is a step line that begins from boron which belongs to group 13 and goes down to element tellurium in group 16 they are metalloids. Metals are present on the left of the metalloids and non - metals are present on the right. Metalloids have properties common to both metals and non - metals.

Bromine - Bromine belongs to group 17 in the periodic table, which falls on the right side of stair - step line or metalloids. Hence it is a non - metal.

Carbon - Carbon belongs to group 14 on the periodic table, which falls on the right side of stair - step line. Hence it is a non - metal.

Phosphorus - Phosphorus belongs to group 15 on the periodic table, which falls on the right side of stair - step line. Hence it is a non - metal.

Since bromine, carbon and phosphorus fall on the right of stair - step line in the modern periodic table and they belong to groups 17, 14 and 15 respectively, these are grouped as non - metals.

Conclusion

Reasons for incorrect options:

c. boron- Boron is a metalloid as it falls on the stair-step line in the periodic table. It belongs to the group 13. Hence, this option is not correct.

d. thallium - Thallium is a metalas it falls on the left side of stair-step line in the periodic table. It belongs to the group 13 but the stair - step line begins from boron in group 13. Thallium is much below boron and lies to the left of stair - step line. Hence, this option is not correct.

f. aluminum - Aluminum is a metal as it falls on the left side of stair-step line in the periodic table. It belongs to the group 13 but is placed below boron so it lies to the right of step line. Hence, this option is not correct.