DNA-binding domain

acquisition stage, new spacer sequences are incorporated into the CRISPR locus. During the expression stage, the CRISPR array is transcribed into a premature crRNA (pre-crRNA) and then matures into the CRISPR RNA (crRNA). In the last stage, the foreign DNA is destroyed using the processed crRNA in some form of effector complex containing Cas proteins (Weidenheft et al., 2012) (Figure 3). 1. Architecture of the CRISPR-Cas The CRISPR-Cas locus

Introduction The Pax gene family encodes for highly conserved DNA-binding transcription factors that play a vital role in embryonic development. All Pax proteins have a paired-box, DNA-binding domain of 128 amino acids located at the amino-terminal end, and is very highly conserved in Drosophila melanogaster, human, and mouse genes (Mansouri et al. 1996). Each different paralogous Pax gene has a crucial role in D. melanogaster and vertebrate development in terms of morphogenesis, organogenesis

cloned animals [could] have different phenotypes and different susceptibilities to a disease.” Thus entered the field of epigenetics. Epigenetics is, “the study of heritable changes in gene expression that occur independent of changes in the primary DNA sequence.” Therefore, epigenetics has its own, independent mechanisms to affect the genotypes and phenotypes of individuals. Although technically independent of one another, like genetics, epigenetics can be greatly influenced and altered by external

microtubules. We have previously shown that disease-causing missense mutations in the motor domain of Kif5A cause a reduction in kinesin motility rate, as well as reduced microtubule binding affinity.

the nonrepeating spacers were derived from extrachromosomal DNA and had phage origins. They also noticed

_______ in eukaryotic cells. A) ribosomes B) oxidative phosphorylation C) DNA molecules -D) a nucleus 2. Cytoplasmic organelles are - A) absent in prokaryotic cells; present in eukaryotic cells. B) present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. C) present in prokaryotic cells; absent in eukaryotic cells. D) absent in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. 3. Eukaryotic chromosomes contain _______ DNA molecules. A) single linear B) single circular -C) multiple linear

BIOC 3014 Coursework Kai et al IkB Kinase β (IKBKB) mutations in lymphomas that constitutively activate canonical nuclear factor kB (NFkB) signalling. 2014, J Biol Chem 289(38)26960-72. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=J+Biol+Chem+289(38)26960-72 Each question is marked out of 25%. The technique and detail parameter was subtracted from the paper directly used as a instruction and reference. 1. Discuss in detail the effects that an activating mutation in the IKBKB gene would be expected

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), and phenotypes, such as genetic disease. By analysing the DNA of thousands of people using

In the lab, scientists program these nucleases to recognize “site-specific DNA-binding domains,” which come in various forms. In the cell, the nucleases work by creating double-strand breaks (DSBs) at specific sites, which activates the normal DNA repair machinery of the cell to put the strand back together in a new way. In effect, this technology creates a pathway to “disrupt a gene or excise segments of genomes

prokaryotes. Prokaryotes are the oldest and most primitive forms of life and can be distinguished from eukaryotes as they lack a distinct nucleus. Prokaryotes can be further classified into two domains: bacteria and archaea. Together, bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes make up what is known as ‘The three domains of life” which divides all cellular life on Earth. Even though bacteria and archaea are both classified as prokaryotes, there has been recent evidence claiming that archaea and eukaryotes are