Toluene

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The purpose of this experiment was to determine the relative reactivities of different types of hydrogen atoms toward bromine atoms. Although the tested compounds were all arenes, their reactivities differ as they contain different types of hydrogens. The hydrogens could be of three different types and could also differ in being bonded to carbons that are attached to a different number of other carbons. The three different types of hydrogens that could be found were aromatic, aliphatic, and benzylic

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The time it took for the arenes to react was recorded to determine the relative rates of the reactions. 6. Data and Results The five arenes used for this experiment were toluene, ethylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene, cyclohexane, and methylcyclohexane. All solutions were a dark orange right after the addition of bromine. Toluene had 1º benzylic and 2º aromatic hydrogens. Ethylbenzene had 2º benzylic, 1º aliphatic, and 2º aromatic hydrogens. tert-butylbenzene had 1º aliphatic and 2º aromatic hydrogens

the reaction of diisopropyl 1-benzoyl hydrazine-1,2-dicarboxylate 1a and toluene 2a as the model system to evaluate the most suitable the cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction conditions. In this optimization, various parameters, such as the quantity and type of oxidant and additive, solvents and reaction temperature were examined (Table 1).The reaction between diisopropyl 1-benzoyl hydrazine-1,2-dicarboxylate (1a) and toluene (2a) were first started in the presence of TBHP (4eq) as oxidant and TBAB

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neurons through a decrease in the release of gultamate. As well, physical and speech therapy were recommended. Case 3---- Alice Alice is an 18 year old female with a long history of drug use with a recent focus on inhaling paint fumes containing toluene. When tested, she was unable to complete sobriety tests. She walks with a broad ataxic gait, her eye movements show abnormalities, her hands tremble when she

reactant atoms. The atom economy for the bromination of toluene reaction was 63.32%, while the atom economy for the nitration of toluene reaction was 54.16%. The higher percentage in the bromination reaction indicated a more efficient reaction because more reactants yielded products completely, compared to the nitration reaction. The experimental PMI of the bromination reaction, with a value of 93.049, was high compared to the nitration of toluene reaction—with a value of 83.347. This represents that

bromination, whether that be aliphatic, allylic, benzylic, vinylic, acetylenic, or aromatic. By comparing the relative reactivity rates between the different hydrogens to bromine, a hypothesized ranking of reactivity was made of the provided hydrocarbons: toluene, ethyl benzene, tert-butylbenzene, cyclohexane, and methylcyclohexane. This hypothesis was then tested during the actual lab period by preparing two sets of reactions for each hydrocarbon: one in light and one in dark. Observations were noted throughout

different molecules are toluene, ethylbenzene, tertiary butyl benzene, cyclohexane, and methylcyclohexane. The idea behind this experiment is there is a preconceived list of prediction which is going to react with bromine fastest on down to the slowest. There are the different types of hydrogen that are existed on these molecules and relative reactivity towards each other. There are three different groups of hydrogen. First is an aromatic hydrogen which is included in toluene, ethylbenzene, and tertiary