Experiment 7 Write Up
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Introduction
As a result of the “big iron scandal of 1998” the FDA feels as if certain companies are
lying about the iron contents in their products along with iron tablet manufacturers putting less
iron in their tablets than what they are saying. This experiment is being conducted in order to
devise a method of iron extraction and measurement in certain substances and to determine the
amount of iron present in cereal and in the iron tablets. Iron extraction of the cereal was done
through crushing the cereal and tumbling it multiple times and the iron tablet was put through a
process of decantation and gravity filtration.
Experimental Procedures
Cereal Extraction:
•
Weigh 32 grams of cereal in a 600 mL beaker on a top loading balance and transfer it to a
Ziploc Bag
•
Crush the cereal into a fine powder with any tool of choice and then pour 30 grams of it
into a clean 600 mL beaker. To this crushed cereal place a Teflon magnet and 250 mL of
deionized water.
•
Place the beaker on a stirring plate and stir for 10 minutes, remove the beaker, and
remove the magnet with tongs. Wash off any cereal carefully as to not lose any iron with
DI water.
•
Then place the magnet into different beaker and pour 50mL of 1.0 M HNO
3
. Warm and
stir the beaker until no iron is seen on the magnet.
•
Take the magnet out and pit it back in the cereal slurry and repeat the last 2 steps at least
3 times.
•
After the final extraction pour the HNO
3
into a 100 mL volumetric flask and wash the
magnet 3 times with 10 mL of 1.0 M HNO
3
and pour each wash into the volumetric flask.
•
Dilute to the mark with 1.0 M HNO
3
•
Using a different 100 mL volumetric flask make 100 mL of 0.10 M KSCN using 1.0 M
HNO
3
as the solvent. Pour this into a 250 mL beaker and pipette in 1 mL of the cereal
sample.
•
Mix thoroughly and measure the absorbance.
Iron Tablet Extraction:
•
Place a 325 mg ferrous sulfate tablet into a 25 mL Erlenmeyer flask and add 20 mL of 5
M HNO
3
. Warm the mixture on a hot plate and stir occasionally until the pill is soft
enough to be crushed with a glass rod. When it’s crushed heat the mixture for 10 minutes.
•
Afterwards, decant the liquid from the slurry into a 100 mL volumetric flask. Wash the
solid 4-times with 15 mL portions of DI water and decant each wash into the volumetric
flask. At the end dilute to the mark with DI water and mix thoroughly
•
Filter a portion of the prepared solution using gravity filtration. Then, using a volumetric
pipet, pipet 1 mL of this solution into a 10 mL volumetric flask. Dilute the flask to the
mark with 1.0 M HNO
3
.
•
Using a different 100 mL volumetric flask make 100 mL of 0.10 M KSCN using 1.0 M
HNO
3
as the solvent. Pour this into a 250 mL beaker and pipette in 1 mL of the iron tablet
sample.
•
Mix thoroughly and measure the absorbance.
Results and Calculations
Calibration Curve:
Iron Tablet Absorption: 0.092 A
Cereal Absorption: 0.044 A
0.044= 0.0493(x= mL of FeNO3) + 0.0117
0.892= x+ 0.0117
0.881= x
0.881 mL of FeNO3
Molar mass of FeNO3= 241.86 g/mol
The density of FeNO3 is = 1.68 g/mL
1.68 x 0.881= 1.48 grams of FeNO3
1.48 g of FeNO3/ 241.86 g/mol = 0.00612 moles of FeNO3
0.00612 moles of FeNO3x (1 mol of Fe/1 mol of FeNO3) = 0.00612 moles of Fe x
55.845 = 0.342 mg of iron.
The Cereal sample has 0.342 mg of iron in 1.48 g so in 30 grams of cereal there is
6.93 milligrams of Iron
0.092=0.0493x+ 0.0117
1.8661= x+0.0117
1.85 mL of FeNO3
Molar mass of FeNO3= 241.86 g/mol
The density of FeNO3 is = 1.68 g/mL
1.8661 x 1.68 = 3.14 g of FeNO3
3.14 g of FeNO3/241.86 g/mol = 0.01298 moles of FeNO3
0.01298 moles of FeNO3
x (1mol of Fe/1 mol of FeNO3)= 0.01298 moles of Fe
0.01298 x 55.845 = 0.725 mg of Iron
The Iron tablet sample has 0.725 milligrams of iron in 3.14 grams so in the 325 g
tablet there is 75 milli grams of iron.
Discussion & Conclusion
The RDA of iron for an adult male is 8 mg. The cereal sample contains 6.9 so the label in the
cereal claiming it has 100% of the RDA is false and the FDA would have to act and the iron
table claims it has 361% of the RDA and the 75 mg is well over that so that label is
inaccurate as well. This was done by determining iron concentration from the absorption rate
of the substances. Which was then used to obtain the iron concentration through a series of
calculations using a calibration curve equation as a base. Methods to extract the iron from
both mediums was determined and can be used for future experimentation
Concept Question #7B
:
The calibration curve was used to determine the amount of iron in the tablet and the cereal by
using its y=mx + b equation. This in turn gave us how many mL of FeNO3 the absorption
rate of each sample was equal to. From there I went through a series of calculations to obtain
the grams of Fe in each sample and then related that to the amount of grams each respective
sample. This was all possible through the Beers- Lambert Law which correlates
concentration to absorption gradient in samples
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