Test Evaluation Paper

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Dec 6, 2023

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1 Test Evaluation Paper Bryce M. Beach School of Behavioral Science, Liberty University PSYC 421-B01: Psychological Measurement Professor Abigail Hill October 2, 2023

2 Test Evaluation Paper Throughout the psychological measurement curriculum, students have learned numerous different types of tests throughout the class. With many different purposes for a test to be developed and conducted, such as marriage counseling, screening, diagnosis, and personality, they must be further researched to understand their effectiveness. With such gaining popularity over the past century, it is wise to investigate more personality tests as they have piqued the interest of most of the population. Over the past several years many personality tests have been developed in order to help individuals understand who they are better. Some notable tests include the DISC assessment, the Enneagram exam, the 16PF Questionnaire, and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, above all others. Each of these tests explores different parts of our personality and how we compare to others of different personalities. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is a great example of these tests, but like any other assessment, it also has many faults that should be investigated. Through this, an integrated evaluation will be done on the MBTI by considering its purpose, type of test, normative sample, administration, reliability, and finally its validity. Developed in 1943 by the mother-daughter duo, Katharine Briggs and Isabel Briggs- Myers, the MBTI supports recruitment to the workforce throughout World War II (Harris & Porter, 2009). Based on Carl Jung’s theories on personality, they wanted to develop an assessment that accurately showed that no matter what “type” a person is, there is something they are good at. We can see this in Hess and Lanning’s review (2003) where they discuss how Briggs-Myers intuited that doing this would produce higher productivity in the test-takers by compelling workers to bind themselves to their careers happily and freely. Thus, the MBTI was made. There are precisely sixteen types of personality that a person can fall into each with their own strengths and weaknesses. The assessment pushes that we are all born with preferences

3 towards introversion or extroversion, sensing or intuition, thinking or feeling, and judging or perceiving. These preferences make up the types with some being ENFP, ISTJ, ENTJ, and ISFP. Now, many corporations across many nations use the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator to help their employees discover their strengths through their personalities, and how they can best be efficient for both themselves and the company. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator uses a bank of 222 forced-choice items. From there, roughly 90 are chosen and the subject is forced to answer the question by choosing a single choice between the two options. Once the subject has answered all the items on the test, the items are scored on one sole scale, which is not usual, as we often see the same item be scored on multiple scales for confirmation. A great point is made by Hess & Lanning in their review where they say that “using the item on one and only one scale is excellent and does not inflate scale-to- scale correlations, as is the case with some other inventories” (Hess & Lanning, 2003). Furthermore, attributed to the support of the use of a single scale for scoring and gives the subject their precise type. In the type III review, a total sample of 299,415 cases of the test was collected from 1970-2002 and the numbers have only sky-rocketed since then. With so many samples and a growing number, it is fair to say that this normative sample is a more than adequate representative of the intended test-takers (Harris & Porter, 2017). The high number of samples can be directly correlated to the simple administration of this assessment. The MBTI assessment can conveniently be administered online or with paper and pencil. Usually administered by a certified individual who has professional requirements for interpreting the results, this examination can still be completed independently. Making the exam highly accessible. Now, much like any other test, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator must be inspected to see

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4 how reliable and valid it is. The MBTI stands with alpha coefficients ranging from .57 to .85 with a median of .77 according to the step II review (Hess & Lanning, 2003). With this range and median, the test-retest reliability of the assessment is good, as they report the score being stable from time to time. We can also see that the exam does not lack in construct validity as the data for step III review was drawn from three databases: 1,378 from the nationally representative sample, 12,434 cases from the Center for Creative Leadership, and 11,463 cases from the Center for Applications of Psychological Type (Hess & Lanning, 2003). With some of the examples of reliability and validity in the assessment listed, it is easy to say that this test is both of those things. Now there are still some weaknesses in the test, like its inability to capture the full extent of one’s personality and its suggestion of grouping people bimodally; however, this is a personality test many would still recommend the practical use of in our world. I had chosen to evaluate this test because I believe that it is close to being the most accurate personality test that we have today. With 16 types of personalities, there is not as much overlap that could cause a person to have the traits of an ISTJ while also having plenty of traits that endorse them being an ENFP. The test has become relevant to me as I am a director for a Christian camp known as Watermarks Camp and Retreat Center. I, as well as my team, work together to best apply our staff into our company in ways that make them happy and fulfilled. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator allows for my team and I to assess our staff and their personalities to best apply them in different parts of our field to ensure the staff as well as the company’s long-term success. Psalm tells us that we are uniquely formed and that God fully knows us and the plans he has for us (English Standard Version, Psalm 139). We can see here that no two humans are the same, and we can see that the MBTI supports these claims that we find in scripture. As Christian professionals, moving forward into our futures, the MBTI can help

5 us understand ourselves in many ways that can help us to better serve God and the call he has on our lives. So, as we go on to learn more about ourselves in this world, understand that there are many wonderful resources that can best help us to learn who we are. One of which, until proven wrong, can always be this personality test, given to us by Katharine Briggs and Isabel Briggs- Myers.

6 References English Standard Version. (2016). BibleGateway.com. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/? search=version=ESV Harris, S. M. & Porter, J. Y. (2017). Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Step III. In J. F. Carlson, K. F. Geisinger, & J. L. Jonson (Eds.), The twentieth mental measurements yearbook . Retrieved from the Buros Institute's Mental Measurements Yearbook online database. Hess, A. K. & Lanning, K. (2003). Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Step II (Form Q) . In B. S. Plake, J. C. Impara, & R. A. Spies (Eds.), The fifteenth mental measurements yearbook . Retrieved from the Buros Institute's Mental Measurements Yearbook online database.

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