What it Takes for a Site to be Inscribe on the UNESCO World Heritage List

Commonwealth’s Authorities concern on nature conservation and cultural Heritage have established many laws especially created in order to protect and preserve National Parks. Those regulations express the Commonwealth’s interest in ecosystem preservation issues and its commitment to save traditional values. Two important regulations declared by the Commonwealth are cited below.

Every individual has a cultural heritage. Each culture views the world differently. Culture is an inherited characteristic and includes knowledge, beliefs, customs, skills, likes and dislikes. The fundamental role of cultural heritage is uniting, respecting the diversities and brings people together to face the future by informing, perceiving and give importance to the understanding of the past (need a reference) Heritage assessment tool was introduced for collecting information about different cultures, nationalities and build cultural competencies among health care professionals. It is used to investigate

Heritage assessment helps patients a chance to express their beliefs, and customs very clearly to the health providers. It also would help to meet the patient’s needs and understand different cultures. Nurses will get a clear image of the patient’s background and that will improve the quality of care and patient outcome through the heritage assessment. When we were child, did not notice that families and friends have different cults. However once become adult realize that everybody has their own different cultures and it is the part of life. The heritage assessments encourage awareness of another’s health practices, beliefs, traditions, and helping to know their own heritage.

The Heritage Assessment Tool (HAT) , is a check list used to help gain knowledge of

When we study old cultures we learn how people adapt to their environment and cope with natural disasters. We learn how patterns of immigration affect languages and why civilizations thrive or die out. Studying the remints of culture, help us understand how people lived long ago, and helps us understand our own civilization. However, not all of the world heritage sites are ancient ruins; also included are Australia’s modern Sydney Opera House, the Tower of London, in England, The Statue of Liberty, in New York Harbor, and other recognizable structures. These are all impressive places of outstanding value to people around the world.

The conservation of ancient artifacts and civilizations is a vital job of the National Park Service, but it is impossible to expect the service to complete its work when given only limited, insufficient

Both Australian Fossil Mammal Site and Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump are considered archeological sites which have unique challenges in comparison to other heritage sites. Conserving archaeological sites in urban environments includes two perspectives: the challenges of preserving archaeological sites in densely populated areas and the study of the evolution of the settlement itself. Both perspectives are essential in preserving the relationship between individual sites and the settlement as a whole.6 Conserving archaeological sites in urban environments, can be of large efforts. Australian Fossil Mammal Sites and Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump on the other hand do not need to be concerned about this dilemma due to their large proximity to civilization. Also since the large distance from the sites to civilization these heritage site avoid another large challenge some heritage sites face. Having a heritage site close to highly populated area often need to deal with pollution, new constructions, upgrades for public works and intensive traffic.6 Another potential challenge all heritage sites face is lack of interest and funding. It is important to maintain stakeholders for each site to generate interest and provide funding for proper archeological site maintenance. The World Heritage Convention states the biggest challenge for historical sites is funding and technical assistance.9 One of the most important challenges is for future World Heritage cultural landscapes to be better used as a tool for regional development and poverty eradication.9 Maintenance is an important part of the Preservation process. Regular maintenance will preserve character defining elements and extend the service life of functional components.6 As the conservation challenges increase, as sites face the impact of global processes, UNESCO will have to rethink and reshape

The Heritage Assessment tool is a very useful tool. It appears simplistic in its development and use. There are twenty-nine questions on the tool that provide for a very natural flow in

There were many ideas laid out in this paper. The main question this paper was meant to answer was how do you go about creating a mutualistic between archaeologists and Indigenous and non-indigenous communities through collaboration while preserving cultural heritage? There really is not true answer, there are a really only steps an archaeologist can take to help better or strengthen the relationship between them and the Indigenous or non-indigenous community they are working with. Indigenous and community archaeology don’t have any true answers to the question only suggestions. Both sub-disciplines are very valid in what they can accomplish, there is room for improvement. The world of archaeology is every changing, and with it archaeologists

In the Unites States of America there are currently 42.4 million immigrants making a permanent residence ("Migration Policy Institute | migrationpolicy.org," 2016). It is extremely important to become a culturally competent nurse to provide the best care and build solid relationships with all cultural backgrounds. In preparation for this paper I interviewed three people from different cultural backgrounds including Albania, New Zealand, and one like myself, who is Spaniard. I will discuss the usefulness of applying a heritage assessment tool when evaluating the needs of the whole person, compare the differences and offer insight in health maintenance, health protection, and health restoration among the cultures, and identify common health

4 What vision of cultural heritage is your country recommending to its citizens. The vision imbedded on Sri Lankans (citizens in Ceylon) through this definition was that the British authority had the autonomy about the antiquities or heritage in Sri Lanka and its materialistic perspective of Sri Lanka heritage. One of the evidence for this vision is the Ordinance’s hand over of the ownership to the Britain by naming antiquities as an absolute property of the crown. Furthermore, by using the term “property” to the antiquity, it apparently states the ownership and the connection with the market value. Therefore, this definition promotes the materialistic value on heritage base on the British authority needs. Further, by devaluing the belief system of natives by making the

The aim of this research is to determine the significance of Onrust island. The research is following the cultural significance/value assessments process created by Mason (2008). The research flow consists of three steps; identification; elaboration; and statement of significance. In this paper, as it is a preliminary study, the discussion is limited to the first step of the assessment process. The identification conducted in the site through field survey, a study of archives and records, and stakeholders

Any information that is needed by the Advisory Bodies must be requested by January 31 (year 2). Evaluations and recommendations from the Advisory Bodies will be received by the Secretariat six weeks before the World Heritage Committee meets (year 2). The Secretariat then will transfer the information to the state party, and the World Heritage Committee. Fourteen days before the World Heritage Committee meets the state party needs to send any errors in the Advisory Bodies recommendations or evaluations. The World Heritage Committee’s annual session takes place in either June or July (year 2). Immediately following this session, either the site is inscribed, referred, or deferred (World Heritage Center, 2013:43-45).

Consequently, in 1991 at the World Heritage Committee’s Fifteenth Session, they ruled on the Durrës Amphitheatre and stated, “While recognizing the importance of this property as part of the cultural heritage of Albania...it did not meet the criteria for inscription on the World Heritage List as defined for the purposes of the application of the Convention” (Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage Fifteenth Session, 1991:30). As of 1996, the amphitheater was placed “under consideration” by UNESCO. Currently Albania has four sites nominated for consideration, according to UNESCO (2012), which includes the Durrës amphitheater (11/10/1996), Les tombes de la Basse Selca (11/10/1996), Natural and

As stated on UNESCO’s (2012) website, there are 10 criteria for the nomination of World Heritage Sites (Cultural criteria are listed in section I-VI and Natural criteria are placed in VII-X):