1 Figure 14.23 Heterogeneous Hydrogen catalysis. Mechanism for reaction of ethylene with hydrogen on a catalytic surface. Carbon H2 and C2H4 adsorb on metal surface. After H-H bond breaks, H atoms migrate along metal surface. One free H attaches to C2H4 to form C2H5 (ethyl group) intermediate. Second free H is about to attach to C2H5 intermediate to form C2Hg. Ethane, C2H6, desorbs from metal surface.
Catalysis and Enzymatic Reactions
Catalysis is the kind of chemical reaction in which the rate (speed) of a reaction is enhanced by the catalyst which is not consumed during the process of reaction and afterward it is removed when the catalyst is not used to make up the impurity in the product. The enzymatic reaction is the reaction that is catalyzed via enzymes.
Lock And Key Model
The lock-and-key model is used to describe the catalytic enzyme activity, based on the interaction between enzyme and substrate. This model considers the lock as an enzyme and the key as a substrate to explain this model. The concept of how a unique distinct key only can have the access to open a particular lock resembles how the specific substrate can only fit into the particular active site of the enzyme. This is significant in understanding the intermolecular interaction between proteins and plays a vital role in drug interaction.
Heterogeneous catalysts that perform hydrogenation
reactions, as illustrated in Figure 14.23, are subject to
“poisoning,” which shuts down their catalytic ability.
Compounds of sulfur are often poisons. Suggest a mechanism
by which such compounds might act as poisons.
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