4. Indicate the hybridization of the indicated atoms in the molecule below. No formal charges exist on this molecule, which means lone pair electrons must be inferred by you. Refer to previous page if you forgot. how many pi bonds are present in the molecule shown? -NH OH how many sigma bonds are present in the molecule shown?

4. Indicate the hybridization of the indicated atoms in the molecule below. No formal charges exist on this molecule, which means lone pair electrons must be inferred by you. Refer to previous page if you forgot. how many pi bonds are present in the molecule shown? -NH OH how many sigma bonds are present in the molecule shown?

Chemistry: Principles and Practice

3rd Edition

ISBN:9780534420123

Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer

Publisher:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer

Chapter10: Molecular Structure And Bonding Theories

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10.43QE: For each of the following molecules, complete the Lewis structure and use the VSEPR model to...

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Lets look more closely at the process of hybridization. (a) What is the relationship between the number of hybrid orbitals produced and the number of atomic orbitals used to create them? (b) Do hybrid atomic orbitals form between different p orbitals without involving 5 orbitals? (c) What is the relationship between the energy of hybrid atomic orbitals and the atomic orbitals from which they are formed?
Consider the following flat drawing of methane (CH4) . a. What is HCH bond angle implied by this drawing if you assume it is flat? b. Are the electron domains of this flat CH4 spread out as much as possible? c. Use model materials to make a model of CH4 (methane). If you assembled it correctly, thefour bonds (bonding electron domains) of your model will be 109.5° apart. d. In which representation, the drawing above or the model in your hand (circle one) are theH’s of CH4 more spread out around the central carbon? e. Confirm that your model looks like the following drawing. The wedgebond represents a bond coming out of the page, and the dash bondrepresents a bond going into the page f. You will often see methane drawn as if it were flat (like on the previous page). Why is thismisleading, and what is left to the viewer’s imagination when looking at such a drawing?
7.59 What type of hybrid orbital is generated by combining the valence s orbital and all three valence p orbitals of an atom? How many hybrid orbitals result?
For each of the following molecules, complete the Lewis structure and use the VSEPR model to determine the bond angles around each central atom. Note that the drawings are only skeleton structures and may depict the angles incorrectly.
In Chapter 6, we study a group of organic cations called carbocations. Following is the structure of one such carbocation, the tert-butyl cation. (a) How many electrons are in the valence shell of the carbon bearing the positive charge? (b) Using VSEPR, predict the bond angles about this carbon. (c) Given the bond angle you predicted in (b), what hybridization do you predict for this carbon?
The antibiotic thiarubin-A was discovered by studying the feeding habits of wild chimpanzees in Tanzania. The structure for thiarubin-A is a. Complete the Lewis structure, showing all lone pairs of electrons. b. Indicate the hybrid orbitals used by the carbon and sulfur atoms in thiarubin-A. c. How many and bonds are present in this molecule?
Numerous molecules are detected in deep space. Three of them are illustrated here. (a) Are these compounds isomers? (b) Indicate the hybridization of each C atom in each molecule. (c) What is the value of the HCH angle in each of the three molecules? (d) Which of these molecules is/are polar? (e) Which molecule should have the strongest carbon-carbon bond? The strongest carbon-oxygen bond?
7.57 What observation about molecules compels us to consider the hybridization of atomic orbitals?
Why do we hybtidize atomic orbitals to explain the bonding in covalent compounds? What type of bonds form from hybrid orbitals: sigma or pi? Explain.
Use Figs. 4-54 and 4-55 to answer the following questions. a. Would the bonding molecular orbital in HF place greater electron density near the H or the F atom? Why? b. Would the bonding molecular orbital have greater fluorine 2p character, greater hydrogen 1s character, or an equal contribution from both? Why? c. Answer the previous two questions for the antibonding molecular orbital in HF.