Because the degree of DNA methylation appears to be a relatively reliable genetic marker for some forms of cancer, researchers have explored the possibility of altering DNA methylation as a form of cancer therapy. Initial studies indicate that while hypomethylation suppresses the formation of some tumors, other tumors thrive. Why would one expect different cancers to respond differently to either hypomethylation or hypermethylation therapies?

Q: Why are some chromosomal regions amplified/deleted in a specific manner in certain tumor types?

A: Chromosomal amplification: Chromosomal amplification can be explained as the increase in the amount…

Q: Is the presence of oncogenic Ras necessary for transient inflammatory stimulation to induce chronic…

A: Cancer is disease in which there is uncontrolled proliferation of cell.  In organisms, cell…

Q: What is meant by the term transcription factor modulation? List three general ways this can occur.

A: Transcription is the first step in central dogma of protein synthesis process. The conserved part in…

Q: Mutations that are not genetically inherited are called (A) If this type of mutation alters genes…

A: DNA  Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA is a long chain polymer that present inside the nucleus of the DNA…

Q: Transcriptional regulation relies on chromatin modifications that affect the physical state of…

A: Chromatin  It is a long tread like structure within the chromosomes. It contains DNA and protein.…

Q: In the treatment of cancer, the basis for many types of chemotherapyand radiation therapy is that…

A: The tumor is irregular growth of tissue. It is the first stage of tumor development. The…

Q: Define the Genomic Instability in cancer cells ? What is leads to ?

A: Genes are the elements that holds responsible for various vital functions in the body. Genes are…

Q: Explain how telomerase expression contributes to theimmortality of cancer cells

A: The tumor cells are said to be immortal due to the expression if telomerase enzyme. The telomerase…

Q: In response to potentially toxic substances (e.g., high levels of iron), eukaryotic cells often use…

A: Post-transcriptional modifications of pre-mRNA molecules like capping, splicing, and…

Q: Although exposure to both types of radiation can cause DNA damage, ionizing radiation and UV affect…

A: answer... Like beta radiation (negatively charged) is ionizing radiation and UV or gamma radiation…

Q: Suppose that you have cancer cell line X was treated with drug Y to increase the expression levels…

A: Given, X is a cancer cell line which was treated with a drug Y. It resulted in the increase of…

Q: Define Suppressor Mutations.

A: Suppressor mutations are helpful for distinguishing new genetic sites that have an effect on a…

Q: Transformation is a process in which bacteria take up new DNA released by dead cells and integrate…

A: When transcription is under positive control, this means that a protein known as an activator binds…

Q: Cancer cells removed from a patient's tumor have increased gene expression of several hundred genes…

A: Cancer  Cancer if a kind of disorder which caused by several means like drug, radiation, malfunction…

Q: Histone methylation can have many different effects on gene expression. In some cases, histone…

A: Expression of gene is highly under control by various mechanisms such as histone modification which…

Q: During certain stages of cell growth, the requirement for certain gene products may require gene…

A: Gene amplification is the rise in amount of a specific portion of the genome differentially, in…

Q: The most prominent mutation of ERBB2 in breast cancer is L755S.  What kind of mutation is this?  Is…

A: Mutation is the change in structure of a gene, which results in variation. These variations can be…

Q: Define the relation between DNA Methylation and Cancer ?

A: Cancer is a disorder caused by uncontrolled cell division.

Q: DNA methylation is considered an epigenetic phenomenon because the pattern of methylation can be…

A: Epigenetics is considered as a study of certain gene expressions, which is heritable.

Q: Explain how DNA methylation can regulate gene expression in a tissue-specific way. When and where…

A: Introduction  Expression of gene is highly under control by various mechanisms such as histone…

Q: With age, somatic cells are thought to accumulate genomic "scars"as a result of the inaccurate…

A: Answer given below..

Q: Explain how DNA methylation could be used to regulate gene expression in a tissue-specific way. When…

A: The gene transcribes and translates for producing a protein. This mechanism is known as gene…

Q: Suggest reasons for why DNA mutations are not all phenotypic. D .A mutant bacteria has been found…

A: Mutation is change in DNA sequence. It is always random and can cause change in phenotype of…

Q: Some cancers are consistently associated with the deletion of a particularpart of a chromosome. Does…

A: Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that encode for proteins required for the promotion of cell cycle.…

Q: What are the requirements for normal cell division? What are the requirements for cancer cells…

A: Mutation is defined as an erroneous change within the gene sequence of an organism that leads to a…

Q: RASL11A gene is a tumor suppressor gene associated with spontaneous tumor shrinkage in Tasmanian…

A: According to guidelines we have to answer the first question only. so please kindly post the…

Q: How would you identify patients whose tumor cells are particularly likely to have a somatic mutation…

A: Somatic mutation takes place in all types of cells in the body except the germ cells. Therefore…

Q: You wish to determine which genes are aberrantly expressed in a certain type of cancer. How would…

A: Cancer is a disease of uncontrolled gene expression. It is a proliferative disease as it can induce…

Q: Which, if any, of the following statements is false? a) Most of the inherited changes in our DNA…

A: The mutation alters allele frequencies by constantly introducing new alleles, which can be…

Q: Methylation of H3K9 by itself silences genes, but if H3K4 and H4K20 are also methylated, the…

A: Histones are the basic proteins that are employed in nucleosome formation during the chromatin…

Q: how can breakdown in dna repair play a key role in the development of human cancers?

A: DNA can be changed by the copying errors introduced by DNA polymerase during replication.…

Q: Which of the following is true about the enzyme telomerase?   A. It is found only in adult cells.…

A: Telomeres are the ends of the linear chromosomes.

Q: Let’s suppose you were interested in developing drugs to preventepigenetic changes that may…

A: Genes are basic physical and functional unit of heredity. It is a part of DNA that has instruction…

Q: What type of epigenetic changes are associated with cancer?

A: Epigenetic changes or modifications are important for maintenance of tissue specific gene…

Q: DNA repair systems are responsible for maintaining genomic fidelity in normal cells despite the high…

A: Living organisms are constantly exposed to a variety of DNA-damaging substances that can have an…

Q: a. Why is it impossible to induce nonsense mutations(represented at the mRNA level by the triplets…

A: The mutation is a sudden and permanent change in the organism. It can be passed down from generation…

Q: Describe the molecular mechanisms involved in P53’s role as a tumor repressor protein

A:

Q: How are mutations in histone acetylation (HAT) genes linked to cancer?

A: HATs or histone acetyltransferase are enzymes that acetylate the lysine amino acid on histone…

Q: You are studying a new type of cancer and you discover that there is a mutation in a gene that…

A: You are studying a new type of cancer and you discover that there is a mutation in a gene that…

Q: Possible genetic modifications that can cause epigenetic changes in gene expression include: A- all…

A: Before you are born, epigenetic alterations occur.Your cells all have the same genes, yet they look…

Q: Why do mutations in genes that encode DNA-repair enzymes often produce a predisposition to cancer?

A: Cancer is the disease caused by loss of control over the process of cell division.

Q: ccording to the histone-code hypothesis, what is one way that cell specialization occurs? a)…

A: Histone code hypothesis : It was proposed by Strahl and Allis . Multiple histone modifications ,…

Q: How can mutations in noncoding segments of DNA contribute to the development of cancers?

A: The functions segment of hereditary material that mainly codes for the proteins is a gene. The…

Q: In Metastatic Breast Cancer [such as in Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma; Breast Invasive Carcinoma,…

A: In Metastatic Breast Cancer [such as in Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma; Breast Invasive Carcinoma,…

Q: Please discuss the effect of epigenetic posttranslational modifications on cancer development…

A: Hi, this is an opinion-based question and requires an outside source, therefore, I am explaining in…

Cancer Therapy