DNA sequencing has provided data to indicate that cancer cells may contain tens of thousands of somatic mutations, only some of which confer a growth advantage to a cancer cell. How do scientists describe and categorize these recently discovered populations of mutations in cancer cells?

DNA sequencing has provided data to indicate that cancer cells may contain tens of thousands of somatic mutations, only some of which confer a growth advantage to a cancer cell. How do scientists describe and categorize these recently discovered populations of mutations in cancer cells?

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter15: Genomes And Genomics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12QP: One unexpected result of the sequencing of the human genome was the finding that mutations in a...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: Describe the role of mismatch repair (MMR) in DNA repair.Why do mutations in MMR proteins increase…

A: DNA mismatch repair is a system for recognizing and repairing erroneous insertion, deletion, and…

Q: Can we treat cancer by restoring tumor suppressor function such as mutated p53 or pRb? If so, how…

A: The process by which a cell gives rise to two identical daughter cells is referred to as cell…

Q: 1. Bioinformatics analyses of the genomes of cancer cells from many different patients with…

A: Introduction Cancer is a disease in which some cells in the body grow out of control and spread to…

Q: What is the link between epigenetics and cancer?

A: Epigenetics is considered as the study in which the gene shows its behavior according to the…

Q: How can the role of epigenetics in cancer be reconciled with the idea that cancer is caused by the…

A: Epigenetics is the study of various alterations in an organism occurred because of certain gene…

Q: During a routine check-up, a woman is informed by her doctor that she has developed a skin tumor.…

A: *Benign tumors stay in their location without invading other sites of the body. *They do not spread…

Q: Mutations in three broad classes of genes have been implicated in the onset of cancer. Can you…

A: A Mutation occurs when a DNA gene is damaged or changed in such a way as to alter the genetic…

Q: What are Two kinds of cancer-producing mutations?

A: Cancer is defined as any one of a large number of diseases characterized by the development of…

Q: Occasionally, a person is found who has one blue eye and one brown eye or who has a sector of one…

A: Introduction A mutation is a change in an organism's DNA sequence. Mutations can be caused by…

Q: In cancer like disease, what kind of mutations are more focussed? Single Nucleotide Polymorphism or…

A: Introduction Cancer is well known disease now a day. In US, 1 in 2 women and 1 in 3 men develops…

Q: If cancer is fundamentally a genetic disease, how might an environmental factor such as smoking…

A: Tumor is a mass of tissues. It may be benign or malignant. The cellular growth that occurs when the…

Q: Why do mutations in DNA repair genes increase the likelihood of developing cancer?

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a hereditary molecule that transfers genetic information from one…

Q: Define the Genomic Instability in cancer cells ? What is leads to ?

A: Genes are the elements that holds responsible for various vital functions in the body. Genes are…

Q: A subset of colorectal cancers is associated with mutations in the Mut genes which code for proteins…

A: There are some Mut enzymes that check the identity of newly formed DNA and if there are certain…

Q: Although tobacco smoking is responsible for a large number of human cancers, not all smokers develop…

A: Cancer refers to the uncontrolled cell division caused by the mutations in the genes which control…

Q: What is the relationship between genetic mutations and cancer?

A: Mutation is defined as change in nucleotides nitrogenous base.

Q: Which of the following is NOT an example of a fail-safe mechanism that prevents the irregular cell…

A: Uncontrolled cell division results in the development of a tumor or cancer. There are many factors…

Q: Describe the differences between point mutations, chromosomal translocations, and gene amplification…

A: Cancer is a disease that is associated with the uncontrolled division of cells and invasion of…

Q: What are the requirements for normal cell division? What are the requirements for cancer cells…

A: Mutation is defined as an erroneous change within the gene sequence of an organism that leads to a…

Q: How do normal cells protect themselves from accumulating mutations in genes that could lead to…

A: Studies reveal that the p53 protein instructs cells to under-go apoptosis when mutations in the DNA…

Q: Describe how mutations in genome maintenance factors promote tumorigenesis. Why would inactivation…

A: The cells are basic units of life. When any mutation in the gene takes place due to any radiation or…

Q: The "initiation" stage of cancer refers to: a) The stage where DNA is mutated, and permanent…

A: Introduction : Cancer is defined by the following characteristics: • Uncontrolled…

Q: Mutations in proto-oncogenes that turn them into oncogenes tend to be dominant, while cancer-causing…

A: Tumor suppressor genes are the genes that suppress the formation of tumors in the cells or tissues…

Q: The mutation associated with pancreatic cancer in the family in Figure23.1 was located in an exon of…

A: Mutation is a change in the sequence of genetic material either due to a mistake in replication or…

Q: How can environmental agents that do not cause gene mutationscontribute to cancer? Would these…

A: A gene is a particular sequence of nucleotides in RNA or DNA that is generally located on a…

Q: relationship that may exist between mutations and cancer

A: Any permanent change occurring in the DNA base sequence is referred to as a mutation. The mutation…

Q: Why don’t all loss-of-function mutations that are recessive at the cellular level behave as…

A: Loss of function mutation refers to the mutation in a gene that leads to reduced or no function of…

Q: Many of the mutations in cancer samples are not necessarily driver mutations, but rather passenger…

A: Hematologic childhood cancer can develop in any part of the body, including the blood and lymph…

Q: Do more mutations necessarily mean that more cancer-causing genes are faulty? Why or why not?

A: Biotechnology is a wide range of studies where it uses its techniques with biological systems to…

Q: Give a possible explanation for why a mutation in a single gene does not always lead to cancer.

A: Mutation in a gene is defined as any change or alteration in the structure, and hence, function of…

Q: What separates cancer cells from normal cells?

Q: How can breakdown in DNA repair play arole in the development of human cancers?

A: One of the causative factors for cancer is the development of mutations in the genome or damage of…

Q: DNA repair systems are responsible for maintaining genomic fidelity in normal cells despite the high…

A: Living organisms are constantly exposed to a variety of DNA-damaging substances that can have an…

Q: Patients with XP suffer extremely high incidence of skin cancer but have not been found to have…

A: There are 2 basic types of genetic mutations: Acquired mutations. These are the most common causes…

Q: Why don’t all loss-of-function mutations that are recessive at the cellular level behave as…

A: Loss of function mutation is otherwise known as inactivating mutations. This type of mutation is…

Q: Do mutations that cause cancer in an individual pass down to his/her offspring? What is the role of…

A: Cancer is the umbrella term for a group of diseases. Any of the body's cells begin to divide without…

Q: How do we know that malignant tumors arise from a single cell that contains mutations?

A: Malignant tumors are multicellular cell masses invading normal tissues and disrupting their function…

Q: Why do mutations in genes that encode DNA-repair enzymes often produce a predisposition to cancer?

A: Cancer is the disease caused by loss of control over the process of cell division.

Q: In DNA repair, how does the normal allele of BRCA1 work? Is it an oncogene or a tumor suppressor…

A: During the replication process, the base airs are mismatched or some of the base pairs undergo…

Q: One major goal of modern cancer therapy is toidentify small molecules—anticancer drugs—that canbe…

A: Anticancer drugs are used against cancer. Chemotherapy drugs kill cancer cells by stopping them from…

Q: How can mutations in noncoding segments of DNA contribute to the development of cancers?

A: The functions segment of hereditary material that mainly codes for the proteins is a gene. The…

Q: What is the role of regulatory gene mutations in cancer?

A: Regulatory genes are defined as genes which control or regulate the expression of one or multiple…

Q: Imagine you have used cBioportal and breast cancer patient datasets and identified a…

A: Introduction :- Cancer is defined as the uncontrolled and un-regulated proliferation of cells , due…

Q: what are the rolls that the p53 gene and RAS protein take on when trying to stop a cancer cell from…

A: Given: Role of p53 and RAS protein to stop a cancer cell from replication. What happens if mutation…

Question

DNA sequencing has provided data to indicate that cancer cells
may contain tens of thousands of somatic mutations, only some
of which confer a growth advantage to a cancer cell. How do scientists
describe and categorize these recently discovered populations
of mutations in cancer cells?

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

This is a popular solution!

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Step 3

VIEW

Trending now

This is a popular solution!

Step by step

Solved in 3 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

What are the biggest challenges that mutations pose to oncologists and cancer biologists who seek to find novel cures against cancers?
Why do mutations in genes that encode DNA-repair enzymes often produce a predisposition to cancer?
How do normal cells protect themselves from accumulating mutations in genes that could lead to cancer? How do cancer cells differ from normal cells in these processes?
How can mutations in noncoding segments of DNA contribute to the development of cancers?
What common mutation occurs in many human cancers? Explain how it can have this effect.
Many of the mutations in cancer samples are not necessarily driver mutations, but rather passenger mutations that are along for the ride. Just because the tumors with a strong environmental component possess a higher frequency of mutations does not mean more oncogenes or more failure of tumor suppressors is occurring. Hematologic childhood cancers have a lower frequency of mutations than tumors with a strong environmental component such as lung cancers and melanoma; WHY?
What is cancer? What defects are commonly found in cancer cells? Do all cancer cells have mutations in the same genes? Explain.
Sequencing the human genome, the development of microarray technology, and personal genomics promise to improve our understanding of normal and abnormal cell behavior. How are these approaches dramatically changing our understanding and treatment of complex diseases such as cancer?
What are Two kinds of cancer-producing mutations?
Why do mutations in DNA repair genes increase the likelihood of developing cancer?
Why are people more likely to develop cancer as they age? Why does inheriting a mutation increase cancer risk?
Which of the following types of mutations are advantageous to cancer cell growth? a. Those resulting in defective mismatch repair b. Inherited defects in double-strand DNA repair c. A defect in nucleotide-excision repair d. A, B, and C e. None of the above