Describe the roles of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in controlling cell growth, and discuss how some viruses can circumvent this control.

Q: Cell Cycle. Use the topic and relate the topic for initiation progression and invasion-metastasis of…

A: Cancer is unchecked cell growth. Mutations in genes can cause cancer by enhancing cell division…

Q: Match the gene name with the gene description. rb BRCA-1 A. tumor suppressor - p53 B. proto-oncogene…

A: Cancer is a condition caused by mutation in the genome that results in infinite cell multiplication…

Q: Analyze the feedback loop between cell proliferationand genomic instability in cancer cells.

A: Feedback loop is defined as a system’s part in which the output of a system are routed back as input…

Q: A mutated gene that codes for an altered version of Cdk that is active in the absence of cyclin is…

A: Cyclins drive the occasions of the phone cycle by collaborating with a group of chemicals called the…

Q: Modify the diagram above to illustrate specific protein(s) that would participate in regulating this…

A: RB retinoblastoma gene is a tumor suppressor gene.

Q: These genes are involved in normal cell growth and division, but if mutated, could become more…

A: Oncogenes are tumour-causing genes. They are mutated and abnormal that leading to uncontrolled cell…

Q: Explain the mechanism of Warburg effect and how it benefits cancer cells

A: The question is based on Warburg effect.

Q: Describe three common ways that tumor-suppressor genes aresilenced.

A: Tumour suppressor genes are genes that can decrease the rate of cell division and growth. In the…

Q: Distinguish between proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes?

A: The proto-oncogenes are those genes, which promote the cell cycle and inhibit apoptosis of the…

Q: explain how p53 functions in a cell that sustained DNA damage to prevent progression of that cell…

A: p53 induces numerous different target genes and blocks the different stages of progression of tumor…

Q: Explain how genetics and epigenetics play a role in cancer.

A: Genomic precariousness, which happens through both hereditary components (basic inheritable…

Q: Characterize the differences between tumor cells and normal cells in terms of the following…

A: A. The normal cell shows contact inhibition that means when two cells get contact then the growth…

Q: Cancer causing genes are called ________. a. transformation genes b. tumor suppressor genes c.…

A: Cancer is a fast growing chronic disorder nowadays. It is caused due to lack of or absence of…

Q: Explain the theory behind how a normal cell turns into a malignant tumor cell and forms metastases.

A: Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal growth of cells, which tend to proliferate in an…

Q: Explain how mutations in oncogenes and in tumor suppressorgenes cause cancer.

A: Cancer is a group of diseases that involves abnormal growth of the cell. These cells have the…

Q: ________ are changes to the nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.a.…

A: DNA( deoxyribonucleic acid) is the double-stranded molecule that is the genetic material in most…

Q: Explain the role of p53 protein in protecting normal cells against cancer. With respect to this…

A: The cell is the primary unit of all living entities. The normal cell undergoes some necessary…

Q: Define about Some Proto-oncogenes and Tumor-suppressor Genes ?

A: Introduction: Proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes belong to cancer critical genes whose…

Q: Compare and contrast oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.

A: Oncogenes are those genes that have the potential to cause cancer. These genes are often mutated or…

Q: The normal copies of tumor-suppressor genes encode proteins that have which three types of…

A: A tumour suppressor gene also known as anti-oncogene is a gene that is responsible to regulate the…

Q: Describe, using specific examples, the differences in how a growth factor gene and a tumor…

A: When we talk about cancer, there are certain genes associated with it. Oncogenes are genes that are…

Q: Describe how tumor suppressors function to stop the cell cycle until certain events are completed

A: Normal genes that delay cell division, repair DNA errors, or tell cells when to die are known as…

Q: Normal (nonmutant) tumor-suppressor genes often functiona. as negative regulators of cell…

A: Cancer is defined as the biological disorder in which the cells undergo uncontrolled growth and cell…

Q: Compare the usual functions of proteins encoded by proto-oncogeneswith those of proteins encoded by…

A: Proteins are macromolecules formed by the long chain of amino acids. They are involved in a wide…

Q: Use an example to describe tumor suppressors

A: Cancer is the state of uncontrolled cell division that has some genetic factors.

Q: Hypermethylation is thought to contribute to cancer by a. inhibiting DNA replication. b. inhibiting…

A: DNA methylation is one of the intensely studied epigenetic modifications in mammals. The regulation…

Q: Explain the role of viruses in cancer initiation

A: Viruses replicate their DNA or RNA only in the host body. There are many viruses like Epstein-Barr…

Q: Explain why p53 is mutated in the vast majority of human cancers.

A: Any isoform of a protein encoded by homologous genes in multiple animals, such as TP53 and Trp53, is…

Q: Identify 2 proteins important for cell cycle regulation and explain why they play a critical role in…

A: A cell cycle is the series of events through which cell grow and divides. The regulation of the cell…

Q: If a drug interferes with the formation of microtubules , its effectiveness must be related to…

A: Microtubules Microtubules are the microscopic hollow tubes made of proteins – alpha and beta…

Q: Explain why many oncogenic viruses contain genes whose products interact with tumor-suppressor…

A: Viruses are infectious agents. They can only replicate inside the living cells. Viruses can infect…

Q: Of the following choices a loss of function mutation would most lukely contribute to cancer onset if…

A: Normal DNA contains a particular sequence of DNA. If the sequence of DNA is changed due to external…

Q: compare and contrast cancer caused by viruses and cancer caused by oncogenes

A: Introduction Cancer is a disease occurs due to uncontrolled mitosis. Cancerous cells can destroy…

Q: proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes cause most types of cancer

A: The genes are formed by the Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of an organism. These genes code all of the…

Q: Explain the normal regulation of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that prevents cells from…

A: Oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes are two types of genes that relate cell cycle regulation to…

Q: Explain in general what is meant by a proto-oncogene and how they are involved in the formation of a…

A: Proto-oncogenes are a bunch of normal genes present in a cell. They have the necessary information…

Q: Tissues and differentiation a)Explain what is meant by termination and differentiation ).b) Explain…

A: The question has been assumed to be "a)Explain what is meant by determination and…

Q: Explain two ways that some viruses can cause cancer.

A: Cancer is defined as an uncontrolled growth of cells that the ability to spread throughout the body.…

Q: Compare and contrast oncogenes versus tumor-suppressorgenes.

A: Cancer is the uncontrolled proliferation of cells that can be treated by chemotherapy and…

Q: A research study indicated that an agent in cigarette smoke caused the silencing of the p53 gene,…

A: In an organism, almost all the changes that occur in gene expression that are epigenetic in nature…

Q: Compare and contrast the processes of cell cycle and apoptosis and give an example of a drug or…

A: * cell cycle cell shows a series of events which takes place in a cell as it divides and grows. *A…

Q: Define telomeres, telomerase, and senescence and describe their effects on cancer.

A: Introduction  Cancer is a disease when a few of the body's cells grow out of control and spread to…

Q: Describe how the tumor-suppressor genes Rb, p53 and p21 regulate the cell cycle.

A: Tumor suppressor gene  These gene controls the activity of cell division cycles. They decide whether…

Q: Describe the relationship between proto-oncogenes and oncogenes.

A: Oncogene: a mutant form of a normal gene that controls the cell cycle positively. A proto-oncogene…

Q: A gene that codes for a positive cell-cycle regulator is called a(n) _____. a. kinase inhibitor. b.…

A: The cell cycle is responsible for the continuity of life from one cell to the next since it…

Genomic studies

Genomic studies (genomics) is the study of the whole genome of an organism. Using bioinformatics and high-performance computing, genomic researchers examined massive amounts of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-sequence data to discover variations or mutations that affect drug response, health, or disease. Genomics is a much younger discipline than genetics, having only emerged in the last few decades as a result of technological advancements in DNA sequencing and computational biology.