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1. Give the importance of carbohydrate fermentation test in biochemical testing and enumerate the enzymes that are involved.
2. What are the substances added in the culture media utilized by the organism producing hydrogen sulfide? Give 2 other media used for the production of hydrogen sulfide.
3. Explain the mechanism taking place in the hydrolysis of urea which leads to the formation of bluish red color.
4. Discuss why human blood plasma will not always yield reliable results.
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- Match the chemical reaction to the visual effect of the product/biochemical test description 1. This assay's color change relies on an initial reduction reaction resulting in a black precipitate if the organisms is "positive" 2. The visual production of gas from this reaction indicates this organism can break down toxic byproducts of aerobic respiration. 3. This assay relies on a pH indicator (phenol red) for a color change. An organism that was "positive" for the certain enzyme in this assay, would result in a pink color change. 4. If an organism was incubated in simple broth containing a phenol red pH indicator and a sugar source, and the broth turned yellow following bacterial growth, that would be evidence of this reaction occurring. 5. The reaction representing this assay, works by producing a red colored product upon addition of a reagent, which tells us the organism possesses the enzyme required to break down a particular amino acid.State the principle that underlies the following biochemical tests: a. Voges-Proskauer test33. Which of the following is an emulsifying agent? a. bile salt b. NarCOs c. both a and b d. neither a nor b 34. What reaction occurs during saponification of triacylglycerol? a. hydrolysis b. condensation c. both a and b d. neither a nor b 36. What was added to the sample prior to heating in acrolein test? a. KHSO4 b. ethanol c. both a and b d. neither a nor b 37. Which of the following is a general test for lipids? a. solubility test b. Huble's test c. both a and b d. neither a nor b 38. Which test can distinguish between sesame oil and corn oil? a. Burchard test b. Baudouin test c. Sudan IV test d. Dichromate test 39. What solvent would be miscible with coconut oil? a. chloroform b. water c. both a and b d. neither a nor b 40. Which of the following is a product of saponification of fatty acids? a. glycerol b. NaOH c. both a and b d. neither a nor b
- What are the advantages of the API 20E test compared to regular biochemical tubemedia1. Proteus vulgaris is positive for the production of the enzyme phenylalanine whereas Escherichia coli is not. Please describe the chemical reactions of the test that you will use to show this. 2. How will you be able to distinguish between those organisms that are able and those that are not able to hydrolyze starch?1. Proteus vulgaris is positive for the production of the enzyme phenylalanine whereas Escherichia coli is not. Please describe the chemical reactions of the test that you will use to show this.
- State the principle that underlies the following biochemical tests: a) Methyl red test b) Voges-Proskauer test.1. What type of reaction occurred when the samples (enumerated) reacted with the Molisch reagent? Give the chemical equation for each.a. Glucoseb. Sucrosec. Fructosed. Lactosee. Galactosef. Ribose 2. Explain the mechanism behind the test in simple terms. 3. What are the important products of the reaction of each sample?GIVE A DETAILED AND COMPLETE DESCRIPTION FOR THE FOLLOWING: 1. What are the culture media used in the following tests? — indole production test (indole production from tryptophan) — lysine decarboxylase test 2. What are the expected results in the following tests? — indole production test (indole production from tryptophan) — lysine decarboxylase test
- Briefly comment on the use of alkaline phosphatase assays as a diagnostic aid for a single named common medical condition.Provide details about the reation workup. How is this product purified , and what methods were used to prove they had the right material ? N-ETHYLALLENIMINE[Aziridine, 1-ethyl-2-methylene-] Submitted by Albert T. Bottini and Robert E. Olsen1.Checked by Thomas H. Lowry and E. J. Corey. 1. ProcedureCaution! This preparation should be carried out in a good hood to avoid exposure to ammonia. The operator should wear rubber gloves and protective goggles because 2-haloallylamines and ethylenimines can cause severe skin and eye irritation.A 2-l. three-necked flask is fitted with a sealed mechanical stirrer, a gas-inlet tube, and a dry ice condenser protected from the air by a soda-lime drying tube (Note 1). The system is flushed thoroughly with dry ammonia, and 32.8 g. (0.84 mole) of sodium amide (Note 2) is added to the flask. The system is again flushed with ammonia, the condenser is provided with dry ice covered by acetone, and 1.2 l. of liquid ammonia is condensed in the flask. The…Prepare a complete analysis procedure using KMnO4 as teh oxidant instead of K2CrO7 in the redox analysis of iron. Include sample and solution preparation, approximate weights of samples and reagents, procedure and chemical reactions. In particular, what is the purpose of the Zimmermann-Reinhardt reagent?