Glycolysis: a mechanism you should know/ Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Dehydrogenase (GAPDH) 2. Carbonyl of GAP is attacked by cysteine, forming thiohemiacetal. 3. Thiohemiacetal is oxidized to a thioester by NAD*. 1. Substrate binds.
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A: Introduction: ATP is the energy currency of the living cell.
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- Effects of Changing Metabolite Concentrations on Glycolysis In an erythrocyte undergoing glycolysis what would be the effect of a sudden increase in the concentration of a. AΤP? b. AMP? c. fructose-1.6-bisphosphate? d. fructose-2, 6-bisphosphate? e. citrate? f. glucose-6-phospthate?Complete oxidation of a 16-carbon fatty acid can yield 129 molecules of ATP Study Figure 19.2 and determine how many ATP molecules would be generated if a 16-carbon fatly acid were metabolized solely by the TCA cycle, in the form of S acetyl-CoA molecules.I'm confused about glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Question: What is the function of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase? Is it because of -> The incorporation of a phosphate from ATP and reduction of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate or ->The incorporation of phosphate from inorganic phosphate and reduction of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. or -> The incorporation of phosphate from inorganic phosphate and oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
- a) Metabolic process in which hexose metabolism occurs? Amount of steps? Since this metabolic process (hexose -> 2 pyruvate) is exergonic. b) But, looking at the individual reactions that makeup this process, they are a combination of exergonic and endergonic reactions. (true or false). If false, explain why. If true explain the contribution of endergonic reactions to the overall exergonic process.CHOOSE THE CORRECT LETTER 1.What kind of cells often use the glycerol-phosphate shuttle?A.brainB. heartC.liverD. kidney 2.What is the net ATP yield of the complete glycolysis of 5 molecules of glucose?A. 4B. 5C. 10D. 12 3.Which of the following substrates is used in the first oxidation step of the Kreb's cycle to produce NADH and COy?A. isocitrateB. a-ketoglutarateC. citrateD. succinyl-CoA1- The substrate used in the last step of glycolysis is: A) Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphateB) PyruvateC) 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerateD) Phosphoenolpyruvate 2- One of cellular processes is breaking down large molecules into smaller ones, which term most precisely describes this: A) catalysisB) dehydrationC) metabolismD) anabolismE) catabolism
- Thioester play an important role in glycolysis and the TCA cycle. Which reactions in glycolysis and tca cycle involve thioesters.I'm confused about glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. Question: What is the function of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase in gluconeogenesis? Would the answer be -> Oxidation of NADH and release of an ADP from glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate or -> Oxidation of NADH and release of phosphate from glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate or -> Oxidation of NADH and release of phosphate from 1,3 bisphosphoglycerateThe first reaction in glycolysis that results in the formation of an energy-rich compound (i.e., a compound whose hydrolysis or oxidation has a highly negative ΔG'°) is catalyzed by: a. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. b. hexokinase. c. phosphofructokinase-1. d. phosphoglycerate kinase. e. triose phosphate isomerase.
- Glycolysis After digestion of carbohydrates, glucose enters the cell membrane and into the cytoplasm, glycolysis takes place where glucose-6-phosphate (a 6C-molecule) is split into two 3C molecules of gly-3-P, producing 2 pyruvates. The two pyruvates are then converted to two acetyl-CoA and enter the mitochondria where the citric acid occurs. 1. What reactions are involved in the so called, energy-investing reactions? What chemical compound is needed to initiate the reaction? 2. Cite the steps in the glycolysis pathway where these energy-investing reactions occur. 3. The conversion from glu-6-P to fru-6-P involves isomerization, why? 4. What stages in the glycolysis pathway are considered energy harvesting reactions? What are the products of these reactions that will prove its energy yield? 5. The conversion from gly3-P to 1,3-diP uses NAD+ and a dehydrogenase enzyme. What is the role of NAD+? What reactions therefore are involved in these conversions? 6. The conversion…Glycolysis After digestion of carbohydrates, glucose enters the cell membrane and into the cytoplasm, glycolysis takes place where glucose-6-phosphate (a 6C-molecule) is split into two 3C molecules of gly-3-P, producing 2 pyruvates. The two pyruvates are then converted to two acetyl-CoA and enter the mitochondria where the citric acid occurs. 1.The conversion from glu-6-P to fru-6-P involves isomerization, why? Please answerExplain the purpose of the glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle (Don’t worry about the mechanism, just the purpose of the shuttle. Just one sentence here!). Suppose a cell could only rely on the glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle and not the malate-aspartate shuttle, how would that affect the amount of ATP that could be generated from the complete oxidation of 1 molecule of glucose in that cell? How would this change the amount of ATP that could be generated from the complete oxidation of 1 molecule of palmitate in this cell?