I. Buffer Preparation A researcher in Biochemistry is isolating α-glucosidase enzyme from malted wheat flour. The protocol requires the use of 2.00L of 0.225 M of lactate buffer with pH of 4.25. How will he/she prepare this buffer from 2.00 M lactic acid solution and solid sodium lactate (NaC3H5O3) The Ka of lactic acid is 1.38 x 10-4. [ Na=23.0, C=12.0, H=1.01, O=16.0 g/mol]

I. Buffer Preparation A researcher in Biochemistry is isolating α-glucosidase enzyme from malted wheat flour. The protocol requires the use of 2.00L of 0.225 M of lactate buffer with pH of 4.25. How will he/she prepare this buffer from 2.00 M lactic acid solution and solid sodium lactate (NaC3H5O3) The Ka of lactic acid is 1.38 x 10-4. [ Na=23.0, C=12.0, H=1.01, O=16.0 g/mol]

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter26: Synthesis And Degradation Of Nucleotides

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 17P

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Titration curve of an unknown amino acid The graph below shows a curve, which was obtained following titration of an unknown amino acid. Include a suitable descriptive title stating the identity of the unknown amino acid Use rectangles to precisely outline the regions in the graph where ionisable groups show buffering activity (base/acid ratio 1:10 to base/acid ratio 10:1); clearly associate the name of the ionisable group with the buffering regions; indicate within the graph all observable titration mid-points and all observable titration end-points and indicate estimates of the pKa of the three functional groups (do not provide pka values from the literature, you need to read the pka from the titration curve provided). Note that it is not possible to estimate the pka with more than one decimal precision due to limited resolution of the shown graph.
The amino acid glycine is often used as the main ingredient of a bufferin biochemical experiments. The amino group of glycine, which has apKa of 9.6, can exist either in the protonated form. (a) In what pH range can glycine be used as an effective buffer due to itsamino group?(b) When 99% of the glycine is in its protonated form, what is the numerical relation between the pH of the solution and the pKa of the amino group?
6 (a) A decapeptide has the following amino acid composition: Ala2 , Arg, Cys, Glu, Gly, Leu, Lys, Phe, Val Partial hydrolysis yields the following tripeptides: Cys-Glu-Leu + Gly-Arg-Cys + Leu-Ala-Ala+ Lys-Val-Phe + Val-Phe-Gly. Reaction of the decapeptide with 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene yields 2,4-dinitrophenylysine. From the experimental data, deduce the primary structure of the decapeptide. (b) Suggest a scheme you will follow to synthesize the dipeptide Ala-Gly
Chitinase is a protein that breaks down chitin, a primary component of the cell wall in fungi, scales in fish and exoskeletons of arthropods. The activity of chitinase extracted from a plant was shown to be optimum at pH 5. You were tasked to prepare 300 mL of 150 mM buffer solution for further analysis of the extracted chitinase. REAGENTS Ka 2.5M Acetic acid Solid NaOAc•3H2O [136.08g/mol] 1.76 x 10-5 2.5M NH3 Solid NH4Cl [53.49g/mol] 5.6 x 10-10 2.5M Lactic acid Solid sodium lactate [112.06g/mol] 4.0 x 10-5 5 M HCl 5M NaOH Pls show sol'ns 1. Given the following reagents, give the moles of each component (acid & base).2. What are the mass/volume of the components needed to prepare the buffer? 3. What will the pH of the buffer be if 1mL of 5 M NaOH was added?
80mL of a 0.3M solution of hexapeptide Leu-His-Cys-Glu-Asn-Arg is adjusted to pH=pI. The solution is then titrated with 0.2M HCL to a final pH of 2.1. Sketch the titration curve, labelling the pH and volume axes. Indicate the volume of HCL needed to reach relevant pKa value and equivalence point(s)z Relevant pKa values are: 2.1, 4.3, 6.0, 8.3, 9.8, and 12.5.
15. Rank the solubility of the following fatty acids in water. A. C<E<B<D<F<A B. A<F<D<B<E<C C. C<E<B<F<D<A D. A<D<F<B<E<C 16. Using the same information in no. 15, rank the solubility of the fatty acids in hexane.* A. C<E<B<D<F<A B. A<F<D<B<E<C C. C<E<B<F<D<A D. A<D<F<B<E<C
TOPIC: Precipitation of Proteins by Alkaloidal Reagents 1. In what way can alkaloidal reagents precipitate proteins? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ 2. In excess of alkaloidal reagent, did the precipitate formed dissolve or not? What is the evidence for your answer? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________
A protein gives, under conditions of buffer composition, pH, and temperature that are close to physiological conditions, a molecular weight by sedimentation equilibrium measurements of 140,000 g/mol. When the same protein is studied by SDS gel electrophoresis in the absence or presence of the reducing agent β-mercaptoethanol (BME), the patterns seen in lanes A and B respectively are observed. Lane C contains standards of molecular weight indicated. From these data, describe the native protein, in terms of the kinds of subunits present, the stoichiometry of subunits (that is, how many of each subunits are present), and the kinds of bonding (covalent, non-covalent) existing between subunits
Choice and Preparation of a Buffer System1. Choosing the proper buffer solution In Protein Precipitation, two liters of 5mM buffer solution with pH 5.2 is needed in the isolation of albumin. Which among the following buffer solution is best fitted for said purpose? Justify your answer.Buffer solutions pKa Acetate buffer 4.73Tris- (hydroxymethy) aminomethane 8.08Phosphate buffer 7.20 2. Preparation of the chosen buffer system Calculate and measure the amounts (in grams if solid and in mL if liquid) of weak acid and conjugate base needed to be able to prepare the chosen buffer system in part A above. Express your answer in useful units (that is, prepare it from practical amounts or concentrations of starting materials).
C. Mucic Acid Test for Galactose and Lactose Galactose, on being oxidized with HNO3 forms mucic acid, an isomer of saccharic acid. Mucic is insoluble andforms characteristic sandy crystals which serve to identify galactose. Examine the crystals under the microscope. Describe the appearance of a few typical crystals.
Carboxypeptidase Y (CPY) contains ten cysteine residues that form five disulfide bonds in the native structure of CPY. Suppose CPY is reduced and unfolded in urea.Part AIf the reduced unfolded protein were oxidized prior to the removal of the urea, what fraction of the resulting mixture would you expect to possess native disulfide bonds?Express your answer using three significant figures.
Utilising the provided class data generate the following graphs: I) Michaelis Menten; II) Lineweaver-Burk; and III) Hanes-Woolf. Ensure that you clearly label each graph,and add the relevant trendlines with equations. Table 1: Class data demonstrating the Absorbance at 700nm obtained for the alkaline phosphatase enzyme reaction Table 1 tube Abs700mm 1 0.000 2 0.060 2 0.090 4 0.140 5 0.190 6 0.250 7 0.290 The equipment we used are • 20mM Tris Buffer pH 8.5 • 33mM MgCl2 • Alkaline Phosphatase (2mg/ml) in 20mM Tris Buffer pH 8.5 • 4mM Glucose-1-phosphate • Acid Molybdate pH 5.0 • Reducing Agent • Distilled Water • Glass Test tubes • Tube Rack • Cuvette • Pipettes and Tips • Water bath set to 37oC The method we used is Method/Protocol: 1. Read the protocol in its entirety before starting. Take note of any additional information that appears in subsequent steps that may influence how previous steps are performed. 2. Using glass tubes, generate the reactions mixtures…