Recycling newsprint is important in reducing waste. The article "The Influence ofNewspaper Aging on Optical Properties of its De-inked Pulp" (M. Rahmaninia, A. Latibari,et al., Turkish J Eng Env Sci, 2008:35-39) presents the results of an experiment todetermine the effects of the age of newsprint on the brightness (in percent) of the recycledpaper. Four aging periods were considered, along with five concentrations of sodiumhydroxide (NaOH), used to de-ink the paper. The effect of the sodium hydroxideconcentration is not of interest. The results are presented in the following table.NaOH ConcentrationAge (Months)2%0%0.5%1%1.5%54.654.355.556.356.6445.644.143.745.647.146.145.946.445.047.91244.044.145.243.746.5a. Identify the blocking factor and the treatment factor.b. Construct an ANOVA table. You may give ranges for the P-values.Can you conclude that brightness differs with age? Explain.C.d.Which pairs of ages, if any, can you conclude to have differing brightnesses? Use the5% level.

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MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Dexamethasone and IQ. In the paper “Outcomes at School Age After Postnatal Dexamethasone Therapy for Lung Disease of Prematurity” (New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 350, No. 13, pp. 1304–1313), T. Yeh et al. studied the outcomes at school age in children who had participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of early postnatal dexamethasone therapy for the prevention of chronic lung disease of prematurity. All of the infants in the study had had severe respiratory distress syndrome requiring mechanical ventilation shortly after birth. On the WeissStats site, we provide the school-age IQs of the 74 children in the control group, based on the study results. Use the technology of your choice to do the following. a. Obtain a normal probability plot, boxplot, histogram, and stemand-leaf diagram of the data. b. Based on your results from part (a), can you reasonably apply one-standard-deviation χ2-procedures to the data? Explain your reasoning. c. Overall, IQs of school-age…
In a study conducted in the Science Department of Faculty of Science, Technology and Human Development in a University; the researcher examined the influence of the drug succinylcholine on the circulation levels of androgens in the blood. Blood samples from wild, free-ranging deer were obtained via the jugular vein immediately after an intramuscular injection of succinylcholine using darts and a capture gun. Deer were bled again approximately 30 minutes after the injection and then released. The level of androgens at time of capture and 30 minutes later, measured in nanograms per milliliter (ng/ml), for 15 deers as in Table Q1. Assuming that the populations of androgen at time of injection and 30 minutes later are normally distributed:i) Find the average and standard deviation of this studyii)Determine the critical region of this problem.iii) Test at the 0.05 level of significance whether the androgen concentrations are altered after 30 minutes of restraint.
High levels of blood sugar are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. A levelhigher than normal is referred to as “impaired fasting glucose.” The article “Association ofLow-Moderate Arsenic Exposure and Arsenic Metabolism with Incident Diabetes andInsulin Resistance in the Strong Heart Family Study” (M. Grau-Perez, C. Kuo, et al.,Environmental Health Perspectives, 2017, online) reports a study in which 47 of 155 peoplewith impaired fasting glucose had type 2 diabetes. Consider this to be a simple randomsample. a) Find a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of people with impaired fasting glucose who have type 2 diabetes. b) Find a 99% confidence interval for the proportion of people with impaired fasting glucose who have type 2 diabetes. c) A doctor claims that less than 35% of people with impaired fasting glucose have type 2 diabetes. With what level of confidence can this claim be made?
In an experiment to examine the survival of eggs of the Pipevine swallowtail butterfly on its hostplant, Aristolocia californica, in gardens and in natural populations of the plant, a student located eggs masses at garden and natural sites, and also placed mesh bags around half of the egg masses sampled at each site to test for the effects of natural enemies (e.g., predators and parasites). Analyze the data contained in the data file “pipevine.csv”. State all the hypotheses you can test and report and interpret the test results. For sitetype 1 = garden and 0 = natural. pipevine data sitename bag unbag sitetype 1 26 0.95 0.67 0 2 9 0.69 0.60 1 3 18 0.88 0.58 0 4 28 0.85 0.44 0 5 40 0.96 0.61 0 6 37 0.65 0.65 1 7 43 0.65 0.00 1 8 36 0.81 0.48 1
Low-Birth-Weight Hospital Stays. Data on low-birthweight babies were collected over a 2-year period by 14 participating centers of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network. Results were reported by J. Lemons et al. in the on-line paper “Very Low Birth Weight Outcomes of the National Institute of ChildHealth and Human Development Neonatal Research Network” (Pediatrics, Vol. 107, No. 1, p. e1). For the 1084 surviving babies whose birth weights were 751– 1000 grams, the average length of stay in the hospital was 86 days, although one center had an average of 66 days and another had an average of 108 days. a. Can the mean lengths of stay be considered population means? Explain your answer.b. Assuming that the population standard deviation is 12 days, determine the z-score for a baby’s length of stay of 86 days at the center where the mean was 66 days.c. Assuming that the population standard deviation is 12 days, determine the z-score for a…
Stressed-Out Bus Drivers. Previous studies have shown that urban bus drivers have an extremely stressful job, and a large proportion of drivers retire prematurely with disabilities due to occupational stress. In the paper, “Hassles on the Job: A Study of a Job Intervention With Urban Bus Drivers” (Journal of Organizational Behavior, Vol. 20, pp. 199–208), G. Evans et al. examined the effects of an intervention program to improve the conditions of urban bus drivers.Amongother variables, the researchers monitored diastolic blood pressure of bus drivers in downtown Stockholm, Sweden. The data, in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg), on the WeissStats site are based on the blood pressures obtained prior to intervention for the 41 bus drivers in the study. Use the technology of your choice to do the following. a. Obtain a normal probability plot, boxplot, histogram, and stemand-leaf diagram of the data. b. Based on your results from part (a), can you reasonably apply the one-mean t-test to the…
Tardigrades, or water bears, are a type of micro-animal famous for their resilience. In examining the effects of radiation on organisms, an expert claimed that the amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades no longer has a mean of 900 Gy (grays). (For comparison, humans cannot withstand more than 10 Gy .) A study was conducted on a sample of 27 randomly selected tardigrade colonies, finding that the amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony had a sample mean of 907 Gy , with a sample standard deviation of 17 Gy . Assume that the population of amounts of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades is approximately normally distributed. Complete the parts below to perform a hypothesis test to see if there is enough evidence, at the 0.05 level of significance, to support the claim that μ , the mean amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades, is not equal to 900…
Tardigrades, or water bears, are a type of micro-animal famous for their resilience. In examining the effects of radiation on organisms, an expert claimed that the amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades no longer has a mean of 900 Gy (grays). (For comparison, humans cannot withstand more than 10 Gy .) A study was conducted on a sample of 27 randomly selected tardigrade colonies, finding that the amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony had a sample mean of 907 Gy , with a sample standard deviation of 17 Gy . Assume that the population of amounts of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades is approximately normally distributed. Complete the parts below to perform a hypothesis test to see if there is enough evidence, at the 0.05 level of significance, to support the claim that μ , the mean amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades, is not equal to 900…
Tardigrades, or water bears, are a type of micro-animal famous for their resilience. In examining the effects of radiation on organisms, an expert claimed that the amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades no longer has a mean of 1350 Gy (grays). (For comparison, humans cannot withstand more than 10 Gy .) A study was conducted on a sample of 18 randomly selected tardigrade colonies, finding that the amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony had a sample mean of 1375 Gy , with a sample standard deviation of 75 Gy . Assume that the population of amounts of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades is approximately normally distributed. Complete the parts below to perform a hypothesis test to see if there is enough evidence, at the 0.05 level of significance, to support the claim that μ , the mean amount of gamma radiation needed to sterilize a colony of tardigrades, is not equal to 1350 Gy .
Red Wine and Weight LossResveratrol, a compound in grapes and red wine, has been shown to promote weight loss in rodents and now in a primate.1 Lemurs fed a resveratrol supplement for four weeks had decreased food intake, increased metabolic rate, and a reduction in seasonal body-mass gain compared to a control group. Suppose a hypothetical study is done for a different primate species, with one group given a resveratrol supplement and the other group given a placebo. We wish to see if there is evidence that resveratrol increases the mean metabolism rate for this species. (This exercise presents hypothetical data. We will see the results from the actual study later in this chapter.) (a) State the null and alternative hypotheses.Let group 1 be the species taking a resveratrol supplement and let group 2 be the species taking a placebo.
Does posting calorie content for menu items affectpeople’s choices in fast-food restaurants? According to results obtained by Elbel, Gyamfi, and Kersh(2011), the answer is no. The researchers monitoredthe calorie content of food purchases for children andadolescents in four large fast-food chains before andafter mandatory labeling began in New York City. Although most of the adolescents reported noticing thecalorie labels, apparently the labels had no effect ontheir choices. Data similar to the results obtained showan average of M = 786 calories per meal with s =85 for n =100 children and adolescents before thelabeling, compared to an average of M = 772 calorieswith s = 91 for a similar sample of n = 100 after themandatory posting.a. Use a two-tailed test with a = .05 to determinewhether the mean number of calories after theposting is significantly different than before caloriecontent was posted.b. Calculate r2to measure effect size for the mean difference.
The paper “Effect of long-term blood pressure control on salt sensitivity” [Journal of Medicine (1997) 28:147–156] describes a study evaluating salt sensitivity (SENS) after a period of antihypertensive treatment. Ten hypertensive patients (diastolic blood pressure between 90 and 115 mmHg) were studied after at least 18 months on antihypertensive treatment. SENS readings, which were obtained before and after the patients were placed on an antihypertensive treatment, are given in the table. 'Before' 'After' 22.86 6.11 7.74 -4.02 15.49 8.04 9.97 3.29 1.44 -0.77 9.39 6.99 11.4 10.19 1.86 2.09 -6.71 11.4 6.42 10.7 a) Write the null and alternate hypotheses What test will be used to test the hypothesis and what assumptions are required? test them. Is there significant evidence that the mean SENS value decreased after the patient received antihypertensive treatment?

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