Which of the following statement(s) about niacin is/are TRUE?     A. It is derived from the amino acid, tyrosine     B. None of the choices presented in this question are correct     C. Deficiencies in niacin are associated with a condition known as porphyria     D. all of the choices presented in this question are correct     E. It is part of NAD

Q: Cyanide toxicity results from its ability to inhibit cytochrome oxidase c, part of the ETC of cell…

A: Introduction: Electron transport chain or system is the series of electron carriers, enzyme and…

Q: You would expect decreased production of ATP in all of the following individuals except a. an…

A: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an energy carrying molecule found in the cells of all living things.…

Q: Vitamin B3 (niacin) is a component of NAD+ (or NADH). Niacin is acquired through the diet. a)…

A: Vitamin B3 is a water soluble vitamin . The niacin deficiency can lead to a condition known as the…

Q: If you were to ferment grapes into wine in an organism that did not have NADH, what would likely be…

A: Fermentation is a metabolic process in which an organism converts a carbohydrate, such as starch or…

Q: During cellular respiration, 60 molecules of CO2 were given off as waste. a. How many pyruvate…

A: Cellular Respiration is a metabolic pathway to break down glucose and produces ATP which is the…

Q: The removal of carbon dioxide from a compound A. is known as decarboxylation B. occurs in the…

A: Answer- There are many biological reactions in which there is a release of CO2 molecule which incude…

Q: (a) NAD+ kinase catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of NAD* to NADP+. How many reducing…

A: The Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) acts as a coenzyme while, Nicotinamide Adenine…

Q: In general, the ratio of oxidized versus reduced NAD is best described by which ONE statement below?…

A: The NADH and NAD+ play an important role in metabolism as the glucose metabolism of the NAD+ result…

Q: Upon considering the complete oxidation of one mole of fatty acyl (CoA) of an arachidic acid (20:0).…

A: A: Rounds of beta-oxidation: Since, one beta-oxidation removes 2 carbon atoms from a fatty acid that…

Q: a. In complex IV in the electron transport chain electrons from cytochrome C is transferred to O2..…

A: Oxidative phosphorylation is the last step of aerobic respiration in which ATP molecules are…

Q: Cells maintain different steady state ratios of NAD+/NADH (1000) and NADP+/NADPH (0.01). (a) How do…

A: There are different metabolic functions related to the metabolic state of NAD+/NADH ratio and the…

Q: In an inborn error of metabolism, a. a genetic change results in the production of a defective…

A: Introduction: The series of chemical reactions that occur in the living body jointly considered…

Q: Which of the following statements about the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is true? (A) The…

A: The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a first-line oxidative stress defence mechanism that is…

Q: what are the two things that the mitochondria need to take in for cellular respiration to occur?…

A: The mitochondria need to take glucose and oxygen for the process of cellular respiration to occur.…

Q: If the reduction potential for NAD+ is -0.315 V and the reduction potential for oxygen is 0.815 V,…

A: Oxidation potential measures the power of a substance or system to add oxygen or remove hydrogen.…

Q: + additional Pi +Pi no Pi added Time (min) CO, generated (mmoles)

A: Introduction:- Anaerobic fermentation is a chemical process in which molecules such as glucose are…

Q: Which is more favorable energetically, the oxidation of succinate to fumarate by NAD+ or by FAD?…

A: Succinate dehydrogenase is an enzyme complex that participates in both Krebs cycle and electron…

Q: his question is about 16 carbon fatty acid A) what are the end procuts of the eight cycles of beta…

A: Introduction: A) A 16 carbon fatty acid will undergo 7 cycles of beta-oxidation to produce 8…

Q: Which of the following is NOT one of the three coenzymes functioning as important carrier molecules?…

A: Enzymes are biological catalyst that perform specific reaction within the body and after the…

Q: All of the following are generated directly during the Krebs (TCA) cycle except? a. ATP b. GTP c.…

A:

Q: The pentose phosphate pathway is an alternative pathway of glucose oxidation. (a). Give the two main…

A: As glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway takes place in the cytosol of the cell. This pathway is…

Q: One of the requirements in metabolic pathways is the transportation of metabolites with the help of…

A: A metabolic pathway is a series of activities or interactions between genes and their products that…

Q: mitochondrial matrix

A: The events of the electron transport chain involve NADH and FADH, which act as electron transporters…

Q: Statins are competitive inhibitors that target HMG CoA reductase to decrease plasma cholesterol. a)…

A: The conversion of HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A ) to mevalonate is catalyzed by…

Q: which are true

A: Note: The question cannot be answered in a single thread due to its length and the fact that it…

Q: The consumption of acetyl-CoA by the citric acid cycle is DECREASED under which condition? A.…

A: The second step in cellular respiration is the citric acid cycle. It is preceded by glycolysis that…

Q: Another antidote for methanol poisoning is fomepizole, which is an aldehyde dehydrogenase (ADH)…

A: Methanol toxicity or methanol poisoning results due to ingestion or exposure of methanol leading to…

Q: Which is more favorable energetically, the oxidation of succinate to fumarate by NAD1 or by FAD?…

A: Oxidation is the addition of an electronegative element or the removal of an electropositive element…

Q: Which of the following statements is true?   A. The NADH dehydrogenase complex can pump more protons…

A: Since we only answer up to 3 sub-parts, we’ll answer the first 3. Please resubmit the question and…

Q: Consider the function of the cofactor FAD. Which of the following makes it unique (different) from…

A: Nicotine adenine dinucleotide NAD+ and  flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD+) are coenzymes that play…

Q: Assume that 2.5 ATPs are generated per NADH and 1.5 ATPs per FADH2. How many ATPs are generated from…

A: Beta oxidation is a catabolic pathway in which fatty acids are broken down to acetyl-coA. This…

Q: Which of the following do cellular respiration and fermentation have in common? There might be more…

A: Respiration is a very important process by which cells of living organisms obtain and utilize…

Q: Oxidative phosphorylation depends on a pair of coupled reactions – one involving the electron…

A: Oxidative phosphorylation is the process in which ATP is formed as a result of the transfer of…

Q: All types of fermentation are necessary to ________.   a. produce gases required by the environment…

A: Fermentation is the biochemical process which involves enzymes and breaks down organic substances to…

Q: When rotenone is added to actively respiring bovine mitochondria, the ratio of NADH to NAD+…

A: The site-specific inhibitors of ETC bind to the components of ETC and block the transport of…

Q: What are three ways to elute a bound molecule from an affinity column? What are the advantages and…

A: Chromatography is a technology that allows qualitative and quantitative methods to separate,…

Q: How many FADH2 molecules will be obtained from the complete oxidation of Myristic acid to CO2 ?

A: Beta-oxidation is oxidation of fatty acid at beta carbon. Myristic acid is a 14 carbon saturated…

Q: a) Using full chemical structures of substrates and products, draw the two possible pyruvate…

A: Glycolysis is the catabolic process where the six-carbon glucose is converted into three-carbon…

Q: (a) NAD+ kinase catalyzes the ATP-dependent conversion of NAD+ to NADP+. How many reducing…

A: NAD+ kinase is an enzyme that converts nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide into NADP+ through…

Q: Oxidative decarboxylation a. Do not occur in the TCA cycle. b. Involve loss of CO2 and the…

A: Oxidative decarboxylation reactions are oxidation reactions in which a carboxylate group is removed,…

Q: NADH is a NEGATIVE regulator of citrate synthase. What is the function of citrate synthase? Enter…

A: The citric acid cycle is a sequential enzymatic biochemical reaction that all aerobic species use to…

Q: In alcohol fermentation, NAD+ is regenerated from NADH through the reduction of ethanol to pyruvate.…

A: The primary result of the alcoholic fermentation process is "cellular energy". Alcohol and carbon…

Q: Which of the following is true about cell potential? a. It is the sum of the oxidation and reduction…

A: The oxidation-reduction reaction is also called the Redox reaction. This reaction involves…

Q: If you are given 4 hydrogen atoms (4H) and asked to carry out reduction of NAD+, state all the…

A: Niacin is a vitamin that contains nicotinamide. Numerous oxidation processes in which alcohols are…

Q: Niacin, or vitamin B3, is required to bind to NAD in order for it to work. A niacin deficiency would…

A: Vitamins are essential nutrients to body metabolism. Vitamins are classified into essential and…

Q: You are testing the effects of different molecules on respiration using isolated liver cells that…

A: Electrons are transferred from NADH/FADH2 to molecular oxygen (O2) through a series of electron…

Q: Cyanide blocks the mitochondrial electron transport chain. This inhibits ATP synthesis via oxidative…

A: Cyanide poisoning is defined as the poisoning resulting from exposure to different forms of cyanide.…

Q: Which of the following stimulates the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA? a) Activation of…

A: The metabolic pathway that converts glucose to pyruvate and a hydrogen ion is known as glycolysis.…

Q: Which of the following statements is CORRECT regarding the pentose phosphate pathway? a. It has two…

A: Introduction: The pentose phosphate pathway is also known as the hexose monophosphate pathway or…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.