Which of the following statements regarding DNA synthesis at the ends of linear chromosomes i Eruel Because DNA polymerase has proofreading capabilities, replication at the ends of linear chromosomes is Lsally error-free, and telomerase, an enzyme composed of both RNA and protein, simply ensures that any incorporated errors are corrected. O DNA synthesis at the ends of linear chromosomes is a problem also observed in prokaryotic cells. O I, Because DNA polymerase is not able to initlate strand synthesis, linear chromosomes will have a 3' overhang at their ends. This is corrected by telomerase, an enzyme composed of both RNA and protein, which extends the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes y Cancer in humans is associated with a reduction in the activity of telomerase. y Telomerase, an enzyme composed of both RNA and protein, fünctions by cleaving the 3 overhangs that are left by DNA polymerase.

Which of the following statements regarding DNA synthesis at the ends of linear chromosomes i Eruel Because DNA polymerase has proofreading capabilities, replication at the ends of linear chromosomes is Lsally error-free, and telomerase, an enzyme composed of both RNA and protein, simply ensures that any incorporated errors are corrected. O DNA synthesis at the ends of linear chromosomes is a problem also observed in prokaryotic cells. O I, Because DNA polymerase is not able to initlate strand synthesis, linear chromosomes will have a 3' overhang at their ends. This is corrected by telomerase, an enzyme composed of both RNA and protein, which extends the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes y Cancer in humans is associated with a reduction in the activity of telomerase. y Telomerase, an enzyme composed of both RNA and protein, fünctions by cleaving the 3 overhangs that are left by DNA polymerase.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter8: The Structure, Replication, And Chromosomal Organization Of Dna

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 23QP: How does DNA replication occur in a precise manner to ensure that identical genetic information is...

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Which of the following are differences between prokaryotic DNA replication and eukaryotic DNA replication? (select all that apply) Group of answer choices: 1. Eukaryotic DNA is linear, while prokaryotic DNA is circular and undergoes theta replication 2. Eukaryotic genomes often have multiple chromosomes, while prokaryotic genomes are usually only made up of one chromosome 3. DNA polymerase 3 adds dNTPs to the growing DNA strand in eukaryotes, while DNA polymerase 2 adds dNTPs to the growing DNA strand in prokaryotes 4. In eukaryotes, DNA polymerase requires a primer to add nucleotides to growing DNA strand, while in prokaryotes, no primer is needed to add nucleotides to the growing DNA strand 5. Longer telomeres are added to the end of prokaryotic chromosomes than are added to the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes 6. Eukaryotic DNA will have multiple origins of replication, while prokaryotic DNA only have one
Which of the following statements about the DNA replication is false? a. Synthesis of the new DNA strands is form 39 to 59 b.Synthesis of the new DNA strands is from 59 to 39 c. DNA Unwinds, primase adds RNA primer, DNA polymerases synthesize the new strand and remove the RNA primer d. Many initiation points exist in each eukaryotic chromosome. e. Okazaki fragments are synthesized in the opposite direction from the direction in which the replication for moves.
In eukaryotes, replication starts more or less simultaneously at multiple points of origin along a chromosome. What pattern of radioactivity would be found after briefly exposing to radioactive adenine a cell that is just beginning to replicate, and then quickly replacing the radioactive with nonradioactive adenine? many short sections of radioactive DNA one radioactive section of DNA starting at one particular end of the chromosomes many short radioactive strands of DNA in the leading strands only many short radioactive sections of DNA in the lagging strands only no radioactive sections in the DNA
Which of the following is not a true statement comparing prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA replication? a. Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA polymerases build off RNA primers made by primase. b. Eukaryotic DNA replication requires multiple replication forks, while prokaryotic replication uses a single origin to rapidly replicate the entire genome. c. DNA replication always occurs in the nucleus. d. Eukaryotic DNA replication involves more polymerases than prokaryotic replication.
Which of the following statements is TRUE? Synthesis of the lagging strand requires more DNA helicase enzymes than synthesis of the leading strand. The lagging strand is synthesized in a semiconservative fashion while the leading strand is synthesized in a conservative fashion. The leading strand is replicated continuously for the entire length of the chromosome, e.g. while the lagging strand has multiple origins of replication The lagging strand has a higher mutation rate than the leading strand. None of the answers are true.
Which of the following statements BEST describes the process of DNA Replication? Group of answer choices The two strands of the parental molecule separate and serves as template for synthesis of a new strand. Each new strand is identical to its template strand. Each strand of both daughter molecules contains a mixture of old and newly synthesized DNA. The two parental strands reassociate after acting as templates for new strands restoring the parental double helix.
Assume a deletion occurs in a gene that encodes DNA polymerase I and no functional DNA polymerase I is produced. What will be the most likely consequence of this mutation? The DNA would not exist in a supercoiled state. There would be no RNA primers laid down. The DNA will not be able to unwind to initiate replication. The DNA strands would contain pieces of RNA. There would be no DNA replication on the leading or lagging strands.
The enzymatic activity of prokaryotic DNA polymerases is faster than that of eukaryotic DNA polymerases, but the overall rate of DNA replication is faster in eukaryotes than prokaryotes. How is this possible? Group of answer choices Prokaryotic but not eukaryotic DNA replication requires a primer. Eukaryotic but not prokaryotic DNA replication proceeds from multiple origins. Prokaryotic DNA replication is a more complex process, with time-consuming polymerase switching that is not needed in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic but not eukaryotic DNA replication proceeds from both 5’ --> 3’ and 3’ --> 5’ Prokaryotic DNA polymerases and not eukaryotic polymerases have proofreading ability.
Below is a study of a colony of cells, determine that some of these cells have a mutated DNA polymerase I that results in loss of function of this enzyme. - What will the effect of the mutation in DNA polymerase I be on DNA replication? Include leading and lagging strand - Will this mutation in DNA polymerase I have an impact on another step in DNA replication? Will DNA be replicatation be impacted? Are any enzymes involved?
We have looked at the structure of DNA in cells. There are some differences. Based on what we have learned, which of the following is TRUE? a. Mitochondrial chromosomal DNA is similar in structure to bacterial chromosomes. b. Prokaryotic chromosomes contain kinetochores whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have centromeres. c. All the chromosomes found in eukaryotes are linear while prokaryotic chromosomes are circular. d. Bacterial chromosomes have multiple origins of replication, thus allowing for short generation times, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes are replicated from a single origin. e. All the answers presented are TRUE. f. Telomeres are found on all chromosomes, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, however only eukaryotic telomers shorten over time.
Which of the following is NOT true of DNA replication? a. Helicase uses ATP as an energy source. b. Primase uses ATP to build primers. c. Single-stranded binding proteins are enzymes that hold the strands open. d. Telomerase adds nucleotides to the original DNA template. e. Ligase uses a condensation reaction to make a single phosphodiester bond at each site of ligation..
A scientist produces an unusual colony of E. coli, that have a mutation to a gene which alters the function of helicase. Which of the following would most likely be observed as a result of this mutation? Group of answer choices RNA polymerase would be unable to replicate DNA. Replication will require a DNA template from another source. No DNA proofreading will occur. No replication fork will be formed.