EVOLUTIONARY ANALYSIS(LL)+ACCESS CODE
EVOLUTIONARY ANALYSIS(LL)+ACCESS CODE
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781323811252
Author: HERRON
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 1, Problem 11Q
Summary Introduction

To determine: Whether the given statement is consistent with the evolution of HIV

Introduction: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a life-threatening disorder that is caused by a retrovirus called human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This is a life-threatening syndrome because the virus interferes with the body’s ability to fight against diseases by destroying T cells of the immune system.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The reason why the given hypothesis is not consistent with HIV.

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Suppose that a time machine allows you to go back in time (and to travel to Australia), and you have collected rabbits and Myxoma from the years 1955 and 1980. Once you are back in the twenty-first century, you infect both sets of rabbits with both sets of Myxoma viruses. The most likely result will be (1) that the rabbits from 1955 injected with the 1955 virus will have a _______ survival rate than those same rabbits injected with the 1980 virus; and (2) that the rabbits from 1955 injected with the 1980 virus will have a _______ survival rate than rabbits from 1980 injected with the 1980 virus.   A. lower; lower   B. lower; higher    C. higher; lower   D. higher; higher    E. the survival rates will be the same in experiments (1) and (2)
Why do scientists worry more about new strains of viruses like influenza and coronviruses as potential causes of deadly human pandemics, but they never talk about the next big Herpesvirus strain deadly pandemic? Which of the statements below helps partially answer that?      Influenza and CoV are RNA viruses which results in having higher mutation rates -- they can more easily jump between host species. Herpesviruses are dsDNA viruses and usually very host specific.       Only humans get Herpesviruses, while animals can get Influenza viruses and Coronaviruses.      dsDNA viruses aren't very transmissible and even when they are, they're not deadly.      We already have effective vaccines for Herpes.      Influenza and CoV have more genes, more complex gene expression, and can undergo genetic recombination or reassortment, while Herpesviruses are more limited.
Assume you are studying the infection dynamics between a species of spider and a species of ringworm that infects the spider. You sequence the genomes of each species for 30 years and find that each of these species has evolved adaptations. Specifically, the spider has evolved immune system adaptations to remove the ringworm and the ringworm has evolved counter-adaptations to evade the spider's immune system. Surprisingly, you find that the ability of the ringworm to infect the spider has not changed over 30 years. The finding that infectiousness has not changed in 30 years would be in support of which of the following?   a. The Red Queen Hypothesis   b. Muller's Ratchet   c. The Asexual Reproduction Benefit Hypothesis   d. The Genetic Load Hypothesis
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