What is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781464157745
Author: Jay Phelan
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 1, Problem 14MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Anecdotal evidence comes from personal testimony rather than a controlled study.
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Students have asked these similar questions
which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry?
a. If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will support it.
b. If my prediction is correct, it will lead to a testable hypothesis
c. If my observations are accurate, they will support my hypothesis.
d. if my prediction is correct, my hypothesis is supported.
Which one of the following statements are not true about a scientific theory?
A.
Cannot be dedcued based on repeated observations without an experiment designed to test the hypothesis.
B.
Could be radically revised based on new scientific evidence.
C.
A basic principle derived from the study of nature that has never been disproven by scientific inquiry.
D.
It is a general and reliable explanation of important natural phenomena.
Which of the following statements about science and religion is false?
a) Both are different “ways of knowing” about the world.
b) Scientific theories must be at least theoretically falsifiable, while religious beliefs (usually) are not.
c) Religious beliefs are based on faith, scientific theories must be rigorously tested.
d) Religion and science are totally incompatible and cannot exist side by side.
Chapter 1 Solutions
What is Life? A Guide to Biology with Physiology
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- Which statement below correctly identifies the difference between laws and theories? Laws describe phenomena, while theories explain why phenomena exist. Laws are a statement of fact, while theories are a statement of opinion. Laws explain why phenomena exist, while theories explain how. Laws are a prediction of phenomena, while theories are an explanationarrow_forwardCan a theory be proven wrong?a. No, theories are exactly the same as facts.b. No, because there is no good way to test a theory.c. Yes, a new observation or interpretation of data could disprovea theory.d. Yes, theories are exactly the same as hypotheses.arrow_forwardSome scientific reports are best described as correlations, in that they report on two events or conditions that tend to accompany one another. Correlations are often interpreted as evidence of a causal relationship between the two events or conditions. Other scientific reports involve experimental intervention and generally make a stronger case for a causal relationship. Pick one scientific conclusion that is put forth in this chapter that is based on both types of evidence. Which type of report do you find more convincing?arrow_forward
- When trying to figure out explanations for observations,scientists construct a series of possible hypotheses. Then they make predictions anda. test each hypothesis, using appropriate controls, todetermine which hypothesis is true.b. test each hypothesis, using appropriate controls, to rule outas many hypotheses as possible.c. use logic to determine which hypothesis is true.d. reject those that seem unlikely.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are characteristics of scientific theories? (select all that are correct) a) An guess at how the world works b) An hypothesis that has been supported across many experiments c) An untested idea d) An expert's opinion e) A testable idea about how the world works that is supported by objective data from multiple sources. f) An hypothesis that has been supported by some research but not supported by other research.arrow_forwardWhat are the essential characteristics of science? Describe how evolu-tionary studies fit these characteristics whereas “scientific creation-ism” or “intelligent-design theory” does not.arrow_forward
- A hypothesis in biology is best described as a. a possible explanation of an observation. b. an observation that supports a theory. c. a general principle that explains some aspect of life. d. an unchanging statement that correctly predicts some aspect of lifearrow_forwardIn an observational study Researchers manipulate conditions to test hypotheses b Researchers gather data in a real world setting without manipulating conditions c Researchers control for unintended effects of the test group manipulation by using a sham control d researchers test whether their data fit predictions generated by a hypothesis e B and Darrow_forwardWhen scientists use the word “theory,” they mean (a) an educated guess. (b) an overarching explanation of an interrelated set of observations. (c) wild speculation. (d) an experimental prediction. (e) a fact proved by many experiments.arrow_forward
- a) Does the data support your hypothesis? b) How could you improve this experiment? Consider the other factors you could have / should have controlled in this experiment.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a primary argument against Intelligent Design? a) It violates the scientific method by appealing to supernatural explanations b) It has been extensively tested and confirmed through scientific experiments c) It has been widely accepted by the scientific community as a valid scientific theory d) It is based on empirical evidence and observations of the natural worldarrow_forwardWhat is the difference between a scientific theory and a hypothesis? Why do scientists refer to basic scientific principles as “theories” rather than “facts”?arrow_forward
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