Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons present in nitrogen atom has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Electronic configuration: The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals.
Electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals. The increasing order of orbital energy is
The energy order of the orbital for the first three periods is as follows,
The orbital which is closer to the nucleus has lower energy; therefore the
In general, the orbitals can hold maximum of two electrons, the two electrons must have opposite spin.
The subshell ordering by Aufbau principle is given below,
(b)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons present in silver atom has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(c)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons present in niobium atom has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
(d)
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons present in tungsten atom has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Refer to part (a).
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Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight
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