IA MODIFIED MASTERING BIOLOGY WITH E TEX
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780136781752
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 9TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: How do a prokaryotic cell and a human cell have the same subset of 1000 genes and what functions do these shared genes perform?
Introduction:
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are believed to have descended from a shared ancestor, and the universal genetic code is shared between these cells. This genetic code is used for the various processes and functions of a multicellular organism, such as humans.
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A multicellular organism starts off as a single cell, which divides by mitosis to produce many cells. Therefore, for the most part, all the cells in a multicellular organism are genetically identical—they are clones—yet in time different groups of cells look different and function quite differently from one another.How can this be?
The Selfish Gene is a radical theory that argues that all living creatures are essentially vehicles for their genes- hence, we all are a “survival machine" for our genes.
In the light of what you have learned about the molecular structure and function of the gene, is this perspective still relevant? Cite specific biological phenomena to prove your point.
Chapter 1 Solutions
IA MODIFIED MASTERING BIOLOGY WITH E TEX
Ch. 1.1 - Starting with the molecular level in Figure 1.3,...Ch. 1.1 - Identify the theme or themes exemplified by (a)...Ch. 1.1 - WHAT IF? For each theme discussed in this...Ch. 1.2 - Explain why "editing" is a metaphor for how...Ch. 1.2 - Referring to Figure 1.20, provide a possible...Ch. 1.2 - DRAW IT The three domains you learned about in...Ch. 1.3 - What qualitative Observation led to the...Ch. 1.3 - Contrast inductive reasoning with deductive...Ch. 1.3 - Why is natural selection called a theory?Ch. 1.3 - WHAT IF? In the deserts of New Mexico, the soils...
Ch. 1.4 - How does science differ from technology?Ch. 1.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The gene that causes sickle-cell...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1.1CRCh. 1 - How could natural selection have led to the...Ch. 1 - What are the roles of gathering and interpreting...Ch. 1 - Explain why different approaches and diverse...Ch. 1 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 1 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 1 - Which of the following best demonstrates the unity...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 1 - Which of the following statements best...Ch. 1 - Which of the following is an example of...Ch. 1 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 1 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 1 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 1 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Based an the results of the...Ch. 1 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: EVOLUTION In a Short essay...Ch. 1 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Can you pick out the...
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Similar questions
- Genetically speaking, prokaryotes are different from eukaryotes because: a. prokaryotes usually have one main circular chromosome, whereas eukaryotes have multiple linear chromosomes prokaryotes do not usually have histone proteins to package their DNA prokaryotes do not have a nucleus to house their DNA as eukaryotes do prokaryotes have less total DNA than do eukaryotes All of the abovearrow_forwardExplain why the answer is correct. For eukaryote cells to evolve into new types of eukaryotic organisms, which of the following would one expect to occur? The correct answer is E a) these cells have evolved because they have different DNA because of mutations b) Their endoplasmic reticulum is synthesizing new and/or different proteins. c) These specialized cells activate new genes to synthesize new proteins. d) these organisms have new characteristics because they have acquired new genes. e) all of these are truearrow_forwardAn astrobiologist discovers a new form of life on another planet. Life here appears to have evolved using DNA as the information storage molecule and proteins to carry out cellular function, much like on Earth, however the individual building blocks on this planet are different. On this planet, there appear to be 3 different nucleotides in the DNA and 30 different amino acids in the proteins. Which of the following conclusions about this form of life would be most justified? These organisms can produce proteins no more than 30 amino acids in length. These organisms must produce 30 different forms of mRNA Amino acids must be coded by sets of 3 nucleotides in the DNA of the organisms on this planet. Amino acids must be coded by sets of at least 4 nucleotides in the DNA of the organisms on this planet. These organisms cannot produce more than 30 kinds of protein.arrow_forward
- You are tutoring a fellow student about the genomes of prokaryotes. You ask them to give you one important characteristic about the genomes of bacteria. Which of the following statement given by your student is correct? -Bacterial cells can contain DNA called plasmids. -The bacterial chromosome is not contained within a nucleus but, rather, is found at the nucleolus -Bacterial genomes are diploid throughout most of the cell cycle. -Bacterial genomes are composed of linear DNA. -Bacterial cells have multiple chromosomes, "packed" with a relatively large amount of protein.arrow_forwardYou examine a population of dividing cells with an electron microscope, and you see a large, floppy, circular string near the center of the cell that seems to be tangled with another floppy circular string. Deducing that the strings are the replicating DNA of the cell, you determine that the cell is a(n) fertilized egg undergoing its first cell cleavage. O prokaryote undergoing mitosis. O yeast undergoing budding. O prokaryote undergoing binary fission. eukaryote in meiosis prophase I.arrow_forwardIn the evolution of the eukaryotic cell, these cells have evolved key changes that include which of the following: a) These cells reproduce by copying their DNA perfectly each generation b) They have their DNA in the nucleoid area c) They have adapted the mesosome membrane system of the prokaryote to form a nucleus and an endoplasmic reticulum d) each new type of new eukaryote cell has its mRNA unchanged from its original mRNA e) none of these are truearrow_forward
- The fact that we find histones in Eukarya and Archaea is most likely to indicate indicate what? O A. Histones evolved prior to Archaea and Eukarya branching off from Bacteria B. Histones evolved after Archaea and Eukarya branched off from Bacteria • C. Histones are found only in multicellular organisms • D. Histones are necessary to protect DNA from nucleases O E. Histones are a product of convergent evolutionarrow_forwardMany animals have the p53 gene that makes a protein that regulates the cell cycle and helps prevent the formation of cancer cells. The table below shows the percentage of p53 gene sequences that the 4 species have when compared to humans. Species Percentage of p53 Gene Sequence Similar to Human Human 100 Horse 60.7 Fruit Fly 15.5 Rat 76.8 Pig 81.3 Which organism in the table is most closely related to humans based on this data? pig horse fruit fly rat 0 0 0 0arrow_forwardRandom mutations only very rarely result in changes in a protein that improve its usefulness for the cell, yet useful mutations are selected in evolution. Because these changes are so rare, for each useful mutation there are innumerable mutations that lead to either no improvement or inactive proteins. Why, then, do cells not contain millions of proteins that are of no use?arrow_forward
- Base on Carl woese' ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene tree. How can I map the following traits: 1.Monolayer lipid membrane 2.Linear chromosomes 3.Gram-negative cell wall 4.Several RNA polymerase 5.DNA 6.Glycerol 7.70s ribosomes 8.Nucleus To Carl's gene tree (bacteria,Archae,Eukarya).arrow_forwardExplain which eukaryotic organelle about genetically modified people in the future. What is the function of this organelle?arrow_forwardWhat are the two organelles in eukaryotes that originated from separate endosymbiotic events from bacteria, contain their own DNA, and are semi-autonomous?arrow_forward
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