EBK BIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780133954425
Author: Maier
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 10, Problem 1AAATB
Summary Introduction
To write:
An evolutionary tree among the flowering trees listed according to the Linnaeus classification.
Introduction:
Linnaeus classification assigns each organism a kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. Each level is included in the level above it and levels get increasingly specific from kingdom to species. This classification is not based on evolution. The phylogenetic classification names the group of organisms that have descended from a common ancestor.
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Now you will practice identifying the phylogenetic tree that corresponds to a given character table. The following table shows three key events in the evolution of plants: the development of vascular tissue, the development of flowers, and the development of seeds.
Plant groups
Vascular Tissue
Flowers
Seeds
Gymnosperms
1
0
1
Mosses
0
0
0
Ferns
1
0
0
Angiosperms
1
1
1
Select the phylogenetic tree that correctly represents the data in the character table.
Construct a cladogram based on the following data. Mosses are plants with no vascular tissue. Horsetails, ferns, gymnosperms (pines and other plants with naked seeds), and angiosperms (flowering plants) are all vascularplants. Seeds are absent in all but the gymnosperms and angiosperms. Angiosperms are the only seed plants with flowers
Create a hypothetical phylogenetic tree using 11 plant species listed below.
Chara, Nitella, Marchantia, Polytrichum, Equistem, Psilotum, Polypodium, Pinus, Zamia, Arabidopsis, and Lilium.
Divide the species into five specific groups (Charophytes, Bryophytes, Monolithophytes, Gymnosperms, and Angiosperms) which will be the clades of your phylogenetic tree.
Chapter 10 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY
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- Despite changes in the approach for classifying plants (from artificial-, to natural-, to phylogenetic systems), what has been the common features or structure of these systems that can be attributed to the work- and influence of Linnaeus in the field of taxonomy?arrow_forwardUse the list of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names Use any two words and put them together to create a fictional plant. Draw your plant to match the scientific name you chose.arrow_forward1) For each of the organisms in the following table, complete the empty columns with an appropriate answer for each taxa. Organism Gymnosperm Angiosperm Sister Taxa Derived Trait Ancestral Trait Mode of Reproductionarrow_forward
- Examine the table of characters given for four different species of flower. Species A Species B Species C Species D Presence of sepals Number of petals Arrangement of petals Number of carpels Yes Five Whorled Ten Yes O number of petals O arrangement of petals O presence of sepals O number of carpels Five Whorled Ten Yes Ten Whorled Ten No Ten Whorled Five Based on the character matrix, which is most likely an ancestral trait for the group of species?arrow_forwardThe Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus was the first taxonomist to argue that, contrary to Aristotle: humans and horses should be classified in the same kingdom (Animalia) humans and apes should be classified in the same order (order Anthropomorpha, or Primates) humans and goats should be classified in the same kingdom (Animalia) humans and cats should be classified in the same order (order Anthropomorpha, or Primates) humans and dogs should be classified in the same kingdom (Animalia)arrow_forwardYou have access to the sequence genomes for moss and the lycophyte Selaginella. Your goal in analyzing the data is to write a ground-breaking paper that answers an important question about the evolution of plants. What questions would you try?arrow_forward
- Constructing a Phylogenetic Tree Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms. Plant Group Photosynthesis? Seeds? Water-conducting Tissue? Flowers? Ferns X Gymnosperms Mosses Angiosperms X Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions. D A В Being able to do photosynthesis is an example of a: O shared derived character O shared ancestral characterarrow_forwardConstructing a Phylogenetic Tree Now, you are going to create and the interpret your own phylogenetic tree. Take a look at the characteristics for these organisms. Plant Group Photosynthesis? Seeds? Water-conducting Tissue? Flowers? Ferns X Gymnosperms Mosses Angiosperms Using the characteristics from the table above, determine where each of these organisms belongs on the tree below, then answer the questions. A В What characteristic appears just before group C branches off (the starred location)? flowers water conducting tissue seeds O photosynthesisarrow_forwardLook at Fig. 33.1 and determine whether green algae, bryophytes, and vascular plants are monophyletic or paraphyletic.arrow_forward
- Draw a tree depicting our current understanding of land plant phylogeny. Include the four major groups of land plants at the tips of your tree, label the common ancestor of land plants, and mark where each of the critical innovations arose: embryo, sporopollenin, vascular tissue, seeds, flowers.arrow_forwardOn this cladogram, the Kingdom Plantae (plants) is outlined in red. What is the "Charophyte green algae" considered to be relative to the plants? Charophyte green algae Mosses Ferns Gymnosperms Angiosperms Also a plant The ingroup The outgroup The basal taxon to the Kingdom Plantae The ancestor to the plants Clear my selection *arrow_forwardCompare and contrast the alternation of generations in pines and angiosperms. This must be very detailed and include all major structures and process involves. Be sure to include when the plants are haploid or diploid. You can use a list as long as order is clear. Be sure to clearly write out structure and processes and indicate which things are the same and which are different.arrow_forward
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