Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach
Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780393124200
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Natalie Foster
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Question
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Chapter 11, Problem 11.43QA
Interpretation Introduction

To find:

The given concentration of ammonia, nitrite ion, and nitrate ion in molality unit from density and concentrations

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 11.43QA

Solution:

a. Molality of NH3  = 6.5 × 10-5 m

b. Molality of NO2-  = 8.7 × 10-6 m

c. Molality of NO3-  =2.198× 10-2 m

Explanation of Solution

1. Formulae:

i. Density= MassVolume

ii. Molality= mol of solutemass of solvent in kg

A mole is the SI unit of amount chemical substance. When writing units, it is written as “mol”.

Here we assume 1L solution of each species. First we convert this volume from L to mL

1 L× 1000 mL1 L=1000 mL

 Therefore mass of solution can be calculated using the formula for density.

Mass of solution=1000 mL×1.00 gmL=1000 g

2. Given:

i. Concentration of ammonia (NH3=1.1 mg/L

ii. Concentration of nitrite ion (NO2-=0.40 mg/L

iii. Concentration of nitrate ion (NO3-=1361 mg/L

iv. Density of solution  =1.00 g/mL

v. Conversion factors:

1 g = 1000 mg

1 L = 1000 mL

1 kg = 1000 g

3. Calculation

a. Concentration of NH3 in molality unit

Using 1 L of volume and given concentration of ammonia, we can calculate the mass of ammonia in the solution.

1 L × 1.1 mg1 L= 1.1 mg

1.1 mg × 1 g1000 mg=1.1 × 10-3 g NH3

Using mass of solution and mass of solute (NH3), we can calculate the mass of solvent.

Mass of solvent=1000 g-1.1 × 10-3 g=999.9989 g

999.9989 g× 1 kg1000 g=0.9999989 kg of solvent

The molar mass of ammonia is 17.03 g/mol. With mass and molar mass of ammonia, we can calculate moles of ammonia.

1.1 × 10-3 g × 1 mol17.03 g=6.4592 × 10-5 mol

Using mole and mass of solvent in kg, we can calculate molality of ammonia solution.

m= 6.4592 × 10-5 mol0.9999989 kg of solvent=6.4592 × 10-5

The molality of ammonia solution is 6.5 × 10-5 m.

b. Concentration of NO2- in molality unit

Using 1 L volume and given concentration of nitrite ion, we can calculate mass of nitrite ion in the solution.

1 L × 0.40 mg1 L= 0.40 mg

0.40 mg × 1 g1000 mg=4.0 × 10-4 g NO2-

Using mass of solution and mass of solute (NO2-), we can calculate mass of solvent.

Mass of solvent=1000 g-4.0 × 10-4 g=999.9996 g

999.9996 g× 1 kg1000 g=0.9999996 kg

The molar mass of nitrite ion is 46.01 g/mol. With mass and molar mass of nitrite ion, we can calculate moles of nitrite ion.

4.0 × 10-4 g × 1 mol46.01 g=8.6938 × 10-6 mol

Using mole and mass of solvent in kg, we can calculate molality of nitrite ion in solution.

m= 8.6938 × 10-6 mol0.9999996 kg of solvent=8.6938 × 10-6

The molality of nitrite ion is 8.7 × 10-6 m.

c. Concentration of NO3- in molality unit

Using 1 L volume and given concentration of nitrate ion, we can calculate mass of nitrate ion in the solution.

1 L × 1361 mg1 L= 1361 mg

1361 mg × 1 g1000 mg=1.361 g NO3-

Using mass of solution and mass of solute (NO3-), we can calculate mass of solvent.

Mass of solvent=1000 g-1.361 g=998.639 g

998.639 g× 1 kg1000 g=0.998639 kg

The molar mass of nitrate ion is 62.00 g/mol. With mass and molar mass of nitrate ion, we can calculate moles of nitrate ion.

1.361 g × 1 mol NO3-62.00 g=2.195 × 10-2 mol NO3-

Using mole and mass of solvent in kg, we can calculate molality of nitrate ion in solution.

m= 2.195 × 10-2 mol NO3-0.998639 kg of solvent=0.02198 m

The molality of nitrate ion is 2.198 × 10-2 m.

Conclusion:

We calculated the mass of solution from volume and density of solution. From the volume and given concentration, we calculated the mass of solute. Using mass of solution and mass of solute, we can calculate mass of solvent. From the molar mass and mass of solute, we calculate moles of solute. Finally, with mole of solute and mass of solvent in kg, we will get molality of species.

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Chapter 11 Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms-Focused Approach

Ch. 11 - Prob. 11.12QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.13QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.14QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.15QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.16QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.17QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.18QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.19QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.20QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.21QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.22QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.23QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.24QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.25QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.26QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.27QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.28QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.29QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.30QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.31QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.32QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.33QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.34QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.35QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.36QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.37QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.38QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.39QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.40QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.41QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.42QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.43QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.44QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.45QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.46QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.47QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.48QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.49QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.50QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.51QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.52QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.53QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.54QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.55QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.56QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.57QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.58QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.59QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.60QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.61QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.62QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.63QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.64QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.65QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.66QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.67QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.68QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.69QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.70QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.71QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.72QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.73QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.74QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.75QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.76QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.77QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.78QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.79QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.80QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.81QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.82QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.83QACh. 11 - Prob. 11.84QA
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