a)
Interpretation:
The relation between the molecular formula and empirical formula of acetaldehyde and butanoic acid needs to be explained.
Concept introduction : Empirical formula for a compound is the formula with smallest whole number mole ratio of the elements.
Molecular formula specifies the actual number of atoms of each element in one molecule or formula unit.
a)
Answer to Problem 115A
The percent composition of acetaldehyde and butanoic acid are equal. So, the molecular and empirical formula of acetaldehyde and butanoic acid are the whole number multiples of each other.
Explanation of Solution
From given figure, one can see the percent composition of elements is same for both acetaldehyde and butanoic acid. So, the molecular and empirical formula of acetaldehyde and butanoic acid are the whole number multiples of each other.
b)
Interpretation:
The empirical formula of butanoic acid needs to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Empirical formula for a compound is the formula with smallest whole number mole ratio of the elements.
b)
Answer to Problem 115A
Butanoic acid: CH3CH2CH2COOH
Molecular formula: C4H8O2
Empirical formula: C2H4O
Explanation of Solution
C% = 54.5 ;molar mass of C is 12g/mol
H% = 9.1 ;molar mass of H is 1g/mol
O% = 36.4 ;molar mass of O is 16g/mol
So,
So, empirical formula of butanoic acid is C2H4O
Chapter 11 Solutions
Glencoe Chemistry: Matter and Change, Student Edition
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