Concept explainers
Concept Introduction:
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) Analysis:
The Cost Volume Profit analysis is the analysis of the relation between cost, volume, and profit of a product. It analyzes the cost and profits at the different level of production, in order to determine the breakeven point and required the level of sales to earn the desired profit.
Contribution margin means the margin that is left with the company after recovering variable cost out of revenue earned by selling smart phones. The formula for contribution margin is as follows:
Contribution margin = Sales - Variable cost.
Similarly contribution margin ratio = Contribution/sales
To Indicate:
The suggestion for improvement in operating income
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- The following data were adapted from a recent income statement of The Procter Gamble Company (PG): Assume that the variable amount of each category of operating costs is as follows: a. Based on the data given, prepare a variable costing income statement for Procter Gamble, assuming that the company maintained constant inventory levels during the period. b. If Procter Gamble reduced its inventories during the period, what impact would that have on the operating income determined under absorption costing?arrow_forwardWhat can the weighted average contribution margin ratio be used for? To solve for a measure, at any level of sales volume, of the sensitivity of operating profit to changes in volume. Breakeven and profit planning for sales volume expressed in dollars (Y) rather than units (Q). To calculate an average per-unit contribution margin based on an assumed sales mix. To figure out the relative proportion in which a company’s products (or services) are sold. To determine the extent of fixed costs in an organization’s cost structure.arrow_forwardIn a manufacturing setting, "the best short-term profit maximization approach is to maximize contribution unit times the number of units sold." Discuss the truthfulness of the statement and show by way of examples how you would set about demonstrating the accuracy of such a statement.arrow_forward
- In response to a request from your immediate supervisor, you have prepared a CVP graphportraying the cost and revenue characteristics of your company’s product and operations.Explain how the lines on the graph and the break-even point would change if ( a ) the selling priceper unit decreased, ( b ) fixed cost increased throughout the entire range of activity portrayed onthe graph, and ( c ) variable cost per unit increased.arrow_forwardOnce a company exceeds its breakeven level, operating income can be calculated by multiplying: a. The sales price by unit sales in excess of breakeven units. b. Unit sales by the difference between the sales price and fixed cost per unit. c. The contribution margin ratio by the difference between unit sales and breakeven sales. d. The contribution margin per unit by the difference between unit sales and breakeven sales.arrow_forwardBelow is a list of various metrics used to measure performance. For each metric, identify the correct balanced scorecard perspective with which the metric is associated. Metric Balanced Scorecard Perspective Average stock price Economic value added Employee turnover rates Manufacturing cycle time Market share Number of days from product launch to shelf Number of defects Number of new patent applications Percentage of repeat customers Percentage decrease in operating costs Percentage of sales generated by new products Research and development spending as a percentage of net revenues options: Customer Financial Internal Business Learning and Growtharrow_forward
- What can the weighted average contribution margin ratio be used for? Multiple Choice To solve for a measure, at any level of sales volume, of the sensitivity of operating profit to changes in volume. Breakeven and profit planning for sales volume expressed in dollars (Y) rather than units (Q). To calculate an average per-unit contribution margin based on an assumed sales mix. To figure out the relative proportion in which a company’s products (or services) are sold. To determine the extent of fixed costs in an organization’s cost structure.arrow_forwardThe following information is given for a manufacturing firm: Which of the following correctly describes the change in productive efficiency from Year 1 to Year 2? a. Material and labor productivity both increased. b. Material and labor productivity both decreased. c. Material productivity decreased and labor productivity increased. d. Material productivity increased and labor productivity decreased.arrow_forwardFrom the following list of performance measures, label each one as Financial, Customer, Internal Business Processes, or Learning and Growth: Percentage of on-time deliveries Employee turnover ratio Revenue from new products Number of new customers Percentage of compensation based on team performance Percentage of products returned Operating income Time taken to replace defective productsarrow_forward
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