Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321948908
Author: Mark F. Sanders, John L. Bowman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 19P
A survey of organisms living deep in the ocean revels two new species whose DNA is isolated for analysis. DNA samples from both species are treated to remove nonhistone proteins. Each DNA sample is then treated with DNase I that cuts DNA not protected by histone proteins but is unable to cut DNA bound by histone proteins. Following DNase I treatment, DNA samples are subjected to gel electrophoresis, and the gels are stained to visualize all DNA bands in a gel. The staining patterns of DNA bands from each species are shown in the figure. The number of base pairs in small DNA fragments is shown at the left of the gel. Interpret the gel results in terms of chromatin organization and the spacing of nucleosomes in the chromatin of each species.
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Students have asked these similar questions
One of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic genetic material?
1. Eukaryotic genetic material is compacted by wrapping the double-helix around histone proteins to form nucleosomes.
2. Eukaryotic genetic material consists of supercoiled circular DNA molecules complexed with proteins into chromosomes.
3. Eukaryotic genetic material consists of relaxed linear DNA molecules complexed with RNA into a 30 nm fiber.
4. Eukaryotic genetic material is compacted by folding linker regions around non-histone proteins to form a scaffold.
An article entitled “Nucleosome Positioning at the Replication Fork” states: “both the ‘old’ randomly segregated nucleosomes as well as the ‘new’ assembled histone octamers rapidly position themselves (within seconds) on the newly replicated DNA strands” [Lucchini et al. (2002)]. Given this statement, how would one compare the distribution of nucleosomes and DNA in newly replicated chromatin? How could one experimentally test the distribution of nucleosomes on newly replicated chromosomes?
Two circular DNA molecules, which we can call molecule A andmolecule B, are topoisomers of each other. When viewed under theelectron microscope, molecule A appears more compact than molecule B. The level of gene transcription is much lower for molecule A. Which of the following three possibilities could accountfor these observations?First possibility: Molecule A has three positive supercoils, andmolecule B has three negative supercoils.Second possibility: Molecule A has four positive supercoils, andmolecule B has one negative supercoil.Third possibility: Molecule A has zero supercoils, and molecule Bhas three negative supercoils.
Chapter 11 Solutions
Genetic Analysis: An Integrated Approach (2nd Edition)
Ch. 11 - Prob. 1PCh. 11 - Prob. 2PCh. 11 - Bacterial DNA is compacted by two principal...Ch. 11 - 10.2 The human genome contains contains base...Ch. 11 - 10.1 Give descriptions for the following...Ch. 11 - 10.4 Describe the importance of light and dark G...Ch. 11 - In eukaryotic DNA, Where are you most likely to...Ch. 11 - Prob. 8PCh. 11 - Human late prophase karyotypes have about 2000...Ch. 11 - 10. What are the two or three most essential...
Ch. 11 - Prob. 11PCh. 11 - Prob. 12PCh. 11 - A researcher interested in studying a human gene...Ch. 11 - Prob. 14PCh. 11 - 10.11 In what way does position effect variegation...Ch. 11 - 16. What are chromosome territories, and what...Ch. 11 - Prob. 17PCh. 11 - Prob. 18PCh. 11 - 10.18 A survey of organisms living deep in the...Ch. 11 - A eukaryote with a diploid number of 2n=6 carries...Ch. 11 - The accompanying chromosome diagram represents a...Ch. 11 - Suppose the genome of a bacterium contains a...Ch. 11 - DNaseI cuts DNA that is not directly associated...Ch. 11 - 10.17 Histone protein isolated from pea plants...Ch. 11 - 25. The molecular probes used in FISH can detect...Ch. 11 - Experimental evidence demonstrates that the...Ch. 11 - Prob. 27PCh. 11 - Genomic DNA from the nematode worm...Ch. 11 - What function do histone proteins perform in...Ch. 11 - Based on discussions of specific proteins and...
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- An old genetic observation is that a normally active gene will be silenced if it is moved by transposition or crossing over from an uncondensed (euchromatic) region to a heavily condensed (heterochromatic) region of a chromosome. Assume the euchromatic chromatin containing the active gene is surrounded by heterochromatic chromatin immediately after insertion. Please explain in terms of the control of histone modification why the normally active gene is silenced when it becomes surrounded by condensed regions. (Do not explain how histone modification causes chromatin condensation.)arrow_forwardA plant geneticist was examining the inversion mutation XI 501 in barley where a segment of DNA is removed, flipped, and reinserted in reverse order. The original protein functioned to assist in the separation of daughter cells during meiosis. A model of the initiation of normal protein translation is shown in the diagram. The action of the mutation is shown in orange. Using the model, which of the following predicts how the XI 501 mutation affects the protein produced? A - It creates a protein with the order of amino acids reversed, causing the protein to fold backward, reducing pollen functionality. B - It creates a nonsense protein that does not function in the cell, causing the cell to use energy to remove the proteins, reducing pollen fertility. C - It creates a protein that terminates at the mutation, causing the pollen to carry more than one copy of the genetic material in each granule. D - It creates a protein with half the amino acids correct and half reversed, reducing…arrow_forwardHow does chemical modification of the histones lead to changes in chromatin structure? Choose all that apply.A. They change the positions of the core histones indirectly.B. They change the positions of the core histones directly.C. They cause the histone N-terminal tails to become hyperextended.D. They act as binding sites for remodeling complexes.E. They change the affinity between the histone octamer and the DNA Please consider explaining both correct as well as incorrect optionsarrow_forward
- In one, simple sentence define the function of the following 1. Helicase = 2. Alpha subunit of DNA polymerase III =arrow_forwardIt is possible to take the DNA of a gene from any source and place it on a chromosome in the nucleus of a yeast cell. When you take DNA of a human gene and put it into a yeast cell chromosome, the yeast cell can synthesize the human protein. However, when you remove the DNA for a gene normally present on yeast mitochondrial chromosomes and put it on a yeast chromosome in the nucleus, the yeast cell cannot synthesize the correct protein, even though the gene comes from the same organism. Explain. What would you need to do to ensure that such a yeast cell could make the correct protein?arrow_forwardUnlike linker DNA and deproteinized DNA, DNA segments wrapped around histone cores are relatively resistant to the hydrolytic actions of nucleases. Explain.arrow_forward
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